Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether different doses of red watermelon juice, namely 150 ml and 250 ml, were effective in reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patients in Ngepungrojo Village, Pati. It was hypothesized that both doses would lower blood pressure, with a possible difference in effectiveness between the two intervention groups.
Research Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test post-test approach involving 32 hypertensive patients selected through total sampling. Respondents were divided into two intervention groups, each receiving 150 ml or 250 ml of red watermelon juice. Blood pressure was measured before and after intervention using a digital sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired sample t-test, and independent sample t-test.
Results and Discussion: Both intervention groups showed significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after treatment. In the 150 ml group, blood pressure decreased significantly, and similar results were observed in the 250 ml group. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the effectiveness of the 150 ml and 250 ml doses.
Implications: Red watermelon juice may be considered a simple non-pharmacological intervention to help control blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Further studies with larger samples and stricter control of confounding factors are recommended.
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References
- Abraham, I., & Supriyati, Y. (2022). QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IN EDUCATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW. Scientific Journal of Mandala Education (JIME), 8(3), 2442–9511. https://doi.org/10.36312/jime.v8i3.3800/http
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- Agustin, I., Putri, P., Erman, I., & Maharani, S. C. (2021). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Red Watermelon Juice and Tomato Juice on Blood Pressure. JKM: Journal of Independent Nursing, 1(1), 24–32.
- Alshahrani, S. H., Ramaiah, P., Dheyab, A. S., Rudiansyah, M., Qasim, Q. A., Altalbawy, F. M. A., Obaid, R. F., Almulla, A. F., Ramírez-Coronel, A. A., Gabr, G. A., Nasirin, C., Mustafa, Y. F., & Amin Naghda, A. (2023). The effect of watermelon supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 41, 100726. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100726
- Angga, Y., & Elon, Y. (2021). The relationship between smoking habits and blood pressure. Journal of Community Health, 7(1), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.25311/keskom.Vol7.Iss1.861
- Anshari, Z. (2020). COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION IN RELATION TO THE PATIENT'S KNOWLEDGE OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS PREVENTION EFFORTS. In Journal of Medical Nursing Research (Vol. 2, Issue 2). http://ejournal.delihusada.ac.id/index.php/JPKM
- Arianto, A., Purba, R., Ginting, D. S., Sudewipratiwi, S., Institut, S., Deli, K., & Delitua, H. (2020). THE ADMINISTRATION OF WATERMELON JUICE IS EFFECTIVE IN LOWERING HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN PEOPLE WITH HYPERTENSION. In Journal of Medical Nursing Research (Vol. 3). http://ejournal.delihusada.ac.id/index.php/JPKM
- Asrulla, A., Risnita, Jailani, M. S., & Jeka Firdaus. (2023). Population and Sampling (Quantitative), as well as Key Informant Selection (Qualitative) in a Practical Approach. Journal of Education. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/386875018
- Ayu, S., Tyas, C., Zulfikar, M., Ilmu, S. T., & Kepanjen, K. (2021). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS LEVEL AND BLOOD PRESSURE LEVEL IN THE ELDERLY. Journal of Contemporary Nursing Research, 1.
- Caturwati, I., Bintanah, S., & Sulistya Kusuma, H. (2016). The Effect of Variations in the Dose of Yellow Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schard) on Blood Pressure of the Elderly at the Bugangan Salvation Nursing Home in Semarang.
- Desreza, N., israwadi, A., wahyuni, T., Hardian, N., Hardian, R., alesia, N., Marwati, N., Maulina, S., Amalia, M., Zadriana, D., & Phonna, R. (2023). PREVENTIVE ACTIVITIES THROUGH GENERAL EXAMINATIONS AND EARLY HEALTH EDUCATION FOR THE COMMUNITY IN BAK BULOH ACEH BESAR VILLAGE. Journal of Community Service (Health), 5(1).
- Dynastic, T. W., & Rahayu, S. (2025). Correlation of Lifestyle and Gender with Hypertension Incidence. Journal of Health, 16(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v16i1.4713
- Erina Saurmauli Ompusunggu, H., & Kadang, A. (2023). The Relationship between Physical Activity and Blood Pressure in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, HKBP Nommensen University Medan during the COVID-19 Pandemic. NJM (Nommensen Journal of Medicine), 8(2), 2023.
- Fadlilah, S., Rahil, N. H., & Lanni, F. (2020). Analysis of factors affecting blood pressure and peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2). Kusuma Husada Health Journal, 21–30.
- Fitrianah, F., Rahmawati Sucipto, M., Nursuci Sekardi, F., Wulandari, C., Zalianti Masfuah, L., & Nur Ariyanti, S. (2023). Hypertension Counseling and Blood Pressure Checks in Adolescents. Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Community Service, 2(4), 6–10. https://jurnalnew.unimus.ac.id/index.php/jipmi
- Gaol, A. M. L., Sulastri, D., & Maryuni, S. (2025). The Effect of Watermelon Juice Consumption on Reducing Blood Pressure in The Elderly. Java Nursing Journal, 3(2), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.61716/jnj.v3i2.105
- Heljemi Ningsih. (2021). The Effectiveness of Giving Papaya Juice with Watermelon Juice on Lowering Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients at the Melati Karangasem Elderly Posyandu. Sahid University of Surakarta.
- Hermawan, H. D., & Triwibowo, H. (2022). OVERVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY WHO EXPERIENCE HYPERTENSION IN PENJALINWAKUL HAMLET.
- Ministry of Health. (2020). What Are the Risk Factors That Cause Hypertension? Non-Communicable Diseases of Indonesia.
- Khairani, M. D., Syifa Naila, Z., & Nazarudin, M. (2025). Hypertension in the Elderly 60-74 Years: The Role of Age, Education, and Nutritional Status at the Ambarawa Health Center. Aisyah Pringsewu University, 8(1).
- Khairina Ashar, Y., Rosyida, A., Pratiwi, D. A., Dinda Afriwana, S., & Afriwana, S. D. (2024). ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN NORTH SECURAI VILLAGE, BABALAN DISTRICT, LANGKAT REGENCY IN 2023. Journal of Public Health, 8(1).
- M. Zaki, & Saiman. (2021). A Study on the Formulation of Statistical Hypotheses in Testing Research Hypotheses. JIIP-Scientific Journal of Education, 4.
- Maulana, N. (2023). PROMOTIVE AND PREVENTIVE EFFORTS FOR HYPERTENSION AND MENTAL HEALTH IN THE ELDERLY. Journal of Community Service, 6. https://doi.org/10.31604/jpm.v6i2.543-547
- Permana, G. W., & Falah, M. (2022). Application of Watermelon Juice to Reduce Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. HealthCare Nursing Journal, 4(2b), 91–97.
- Prihartono, N. A., Fitria, L., Ramdhan, D. H., Fitriyani, F., Fauzia, S., & Woskie, S. (2022). Determinants of Hypertension amongst Rice Farmers in West Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031152
- Purnama Dewi, B., Study, P. S., Nursing, I., & Mitra Adiguna Palembang, S. (2023). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RED WATERMELON IN LOWERING BLOOD PRESSURE IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN. Scientific Journal of Multi Science Health, 15(1), 244–257.https://jurnal.stikes-aisyiyah-palembang.ac.id/index.php/Kep/article/view/
- Puspa Ningrum, N., Risnawati, H., Yulisetyaningrum, & Cholid Wahyudin, W. (2023). EDUCATION ON THE USE OF HERBAL PLANTS IN TREATING DISEASES THAT OFTEN OCCUR IN THE COMMUNITY. In Jurnal Abdimas Indonesia (Vol. 5).
- Rahman, L. H., Leluni, A., Lesari, A. T., Yuniarti, A., Putri, A., Andini, S., Putria, E. P., Muna, A., Adhitya, M. F., Rahmadinah, D., Nisa, K., Hidayah, L., Nabila, P., Dang Meka, A., Pitriya, A., Hidayati, A., Anggraini, F., & Wikklin, M. (2024). EDUCATION ON ECONOMICAL METHODS USING WATERMELON JUICE AS AN EFFORT TO REDUCE HYPERTENSION IN PEMAKU VILLAGE. Proceedings of Research and Service of Scholars' Works, 2. https://wpcpublisher.com/jurnal/index.php/prosidingkaryacendekia
- Riskesdas. (2018). National Riskesdas Report 2018. Publishing Institution of the Health Research and Development Agency (LPB)).
- Sari, R., & Purwono, J. (2022). EFFECT OF COCONUT WATER ON BLOOD PRESSURE REDUCTION IN HYPERTENSION PATIENTS. Journal of Health Discourse, 7(1).
- Singh, K., Liao, H., Edirisinghe, I., Burton-Freeman, B., & Sandhu, A. K. (2025). Dose–Response Effect of Watermelon Consumption on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. Nutrients, 17(19), 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17193073
- Sudayasa, I. P., Rahman, M. F., Eso, A., Jamaluddin, J., Parawansah, P., Alifariki, L. O., Arimaswati, A., & Kholidha, A. N. (2020). Early Detection of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in the Community of Andepali Village, Sampara District, Konawe Regency. Journal of Community Engagement in Health, 3(1), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.30994/jceh.v3i1.37
- Swastini, N. (2021). The Effectiveness of Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata Linn) on Lowering Blood Pressure in Hypertension. Sandi Husada Health Scientific Journal, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v10i2.618
- Telaumbanua, A. C., & Rahayu, Y. (2021). Counseling and education about hypertension. Journal of Scientific Studies, 3(1), 119–124.
- Uyuun, N., Biahimo, I., Nur, S., Kundji, A. R., & Artikel, R. (2023). Analysis of Watermelon Juice Administration in the Elderly with Hypertension at the Jannati Elderly Hospital, Gorontalo Province (Vol. 4, Issue 2). https://jurnal.akperrscikini.ac.id/index.php/JKC
- WHO. (2023, March 16). Hypertension.
- Wilda, I., State, S., & East, S. (2022). The Effectiveness of Red Watermelon (Citrullus Vulgaris) in Reducing Blood Pressure in the Elderly. Journal of Endurance, 6(3), 460–467.
- Yulisetyaningrum, Chandiq Kurniawan, N., Tiara, N., & Cholifah, N. (2024). THE EFFECT OF HEAD MASSAGE THERAPY ON LOWERING BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE ELDERLY. In Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ( Vol. 15, Issue 1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v15i1.2200
- Yunding, J., Megawaty, I., & Aulia, A. (2021). The effectiveness of gymnastics in the elderly on lowering blood pressure: a literature review. Borneo Nursing Journal, 3(1), 23–32.
References
Abraham, I., & Supriyati, Y. (2022). QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IN EDUCATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW. Scientific Journal of Mandala Education (JIME), 8(3), 2442–9511. https://doi.org/10.36312/jime.v8i3.3800/http
Afifah Nur Cahya Putri Ajeng, Sukesih, S., & Heny Siswanti. (2025). THE EFFECT OF FOOT MASSAGE THERAPY ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN WUKIRSARI PATI VILLAGE. Nusantara Hasana Journal, 5(3), 69–80. https://doi.org/10.59003/nhj.v5i3.1625
Agustin, I., Putri, P., Erman, I., & Maharani, S. C. (2021). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Red Watermelon Juice and Tomato Juice on Blood Pressure. JKM: Journal of Independent Nursing, 1(1), 24–32.
Alshahrani, S. H., Ramaiah, P., Dheyab, A. S., Rudiansyah, M., Qasim, Q. A., Altalbawy, F. M. A., Obaid, R. F., Almulla, A. F., Ramírez-Coronel, A. A., Gabr, G. A., Nasirin, C., Mustafa, Y. F., & Amin Naghda, A. (2023). The effect of watermelon supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 41, 100726. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100726
Angga, Y., & Elon, Y. (2021). The relationship between smoking habits and blood pressure. Journal of Community Health, 7(1), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.25311/keskom.Vol7.Iss1.861
Anshari, Z. (2020). COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION IN RELATION TO THE PATIENT'S KNOWLEDGE OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS PREVENTION EFFORTS. In Journal of Medical Nursing Research (Vol. 2, Issue 2). http://ejournal.delihusada.ac.id/index.php/JPKM
Arianto, A., Purba, R., Ginting, D. S., Sudewipratiwi, S., Institut, S., Deli, K., & Delitua, H. (2020). THE ADMINISTRATION OF WATERMELON JUICE IS EFFECTIVE IN LOWERING HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN PEOPLE WITH HYPERTENSION. In Journal of Medical Nursing Research (Vol. 3). http://ejournal.delihusada.ac.id/index.php/JPKM
Asrulla, A., Risnita, Jailani, M. S., & Jeka Firdaus. (2023). Population and Sampling (Quantitative), as well as Key Informant Selection (Qualitative) in a Practical Approach. Journal of Education. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/386875018
Ayu, S., Tyas, C., Zulfikar, M., Ilmu, S. T., & Kepanjen, K. (2021). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS LEVEL AND BLOOD PRESSURE LEVEL IN THE ELDERLY. Journal of Contemporary Nursing Research, 1.
Caturwati, I., Bintanah, S., & Sulistya Kusuma, H. (2016). The Effect of Variations in the Dose of Yellow Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schard) on Blood Pressure of the Elderly at the Bugangan Salvation Nursing Home in Semarang.
Desreza, N., israwadi, A., wahyuni, T., Hardian, N., Hardian, R., alesia, N., Marwati, N., Maulina, S., Amalia, M., Zadriana, D., & Phonna, R. (2023). PREVENTIVE ACTIVITIES THROUGH GENERAL EXAMINATIONS AND EARLY HEALTH EDUCATION FOR THE COMMUNITY IN BAK BULOH ACEH BESAR VILLAGE. Journal of Community Service (Health), 5(1).
Dynastic, T. W., & Rahayu, S. (2025). Correlation of Lifestyle and Gender with Hypertension Incidence. Journal of Health, 16(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v16i1.4713
Erina Saurmauli Ompusunggu, H., & Kadang, A. (2023). The Relationship between Physical Activity and Blood Pressure in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, HKBP Nommensen University Medan during the COVID-19 Pandemic. NJM (Nommensen Journal of Medicine), 8(2), 2023.
Fadlilah, S., Rahil, N. H., & Lanni, F. (2020). Analysis of factors affecting blood pressure and peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2). Kusuma Husada Health Journal, 21–30.
Fitrianah, F., Rahmawati Sucipto, M., Nursuci Sekardi, F., Wulandari, C., Zalianti Masfuah, L., & Nur Ariyanti, S. (2023). Hypertension Counseling and Blood Pressure Checks in Adolescents. Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Community Service, 2(4), 6–10. https://jurnalnew.unimus.ac.id/index.php/jipmi
Gaol, A. M. L., Sulastri, D., & Maryuni, S. (2025). The Effect of Watermelon Juice Consumption on Reducing Blood Pressure in The Elderly. Java Nursing Journal, 3(2), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.61716/jnj.v3i2.105
Heljemi Ningsih. (2021). The Effectiveness of Giving Papaya Juice with Watermelon Juice on Lowering Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients at the Melati Karangasem Elderly Posyandu. Sahid University of Surakarta.
Hermawan, H. D., & Triwibowo, H. (2022). OVERVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY WHO EXPERIENCE HYPERTENSION IN PENJALINWAKUL HAMLET.
Ministry of Health. (2020). What Are the Risk Factors That Cause Hypertension? Non-Communicable Diseases of Indonesia.
Khairani, M. D., Syifa Naila, Z., & Nazarudin, M. (2025). Hypertension in the Elderly 60-74 Years: The Role of Age, Education, and Nutritional Status at the Ambarawa Health Center. Aisyah Pringsewu University, 8(1).
Khairina Ashar, Y., Rosyida, A., Pratiwi, D. A., Dinda Afriwana, S., & Afriwana, S. D. (2024). ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN NORTH SECURAI VILLAGE, BABALAN DISTRICT, LANGKAT REGENCY IN 2023. Journal of Public Health, 8(1).
M. Zaki, & Saiman. (2021). A Study on the Formulation of Statistical Hypotheses in Testing Research Hypotheses. JIIP-Scientific Journal of Education, 4.
Maulana, N. (2023). PROMOTIVE AND PREVENTIVE EFFORTS FOR HYPERTENSION AND MENTAL HEALTH IN THE ELDERLY. Journal of Community Service, 6. https://doi.org/10.31604/jpm.v6i2.543-547
Permana, G. W., & Falah, M. (2022). Application of Watermelon Juice to Reduce Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. HealthCare Nursing Journal, 4(2b), 91–97.
Prihartono, N. A., Fitria, L., Ramdhan, D. H., Fitriyani, F., Fauzia, S., & Woskie, S. (2022). Determinants of Hypertension amongst Rice Farmers in West Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031152
Purnama Dewi, B., Study, P. S., Nursing, I., & Mitra Adiguna Palembang, S. (2023). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RED WATERMELON IN LOWERING BLOOD PRESSURE IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN. Scientific Journal of Multi Science Health, 15(1), 244–257.https://jurnal.stikes-aisyiyah-palembang.ac.id/index.php/Kep/article/view/
Puspa Ningrum, N., Risnawati, H., Yulisetyaningrum, & Cholid Wahyudin, W. (2023). EDUCATION ON THE USE OF HERBAL PLANTS IN TREATING DISEASES THAT OFTEN OCCUR IN THE COMMUNITY. In Jurnal Abdimas Indonesia (Vol. 5).
Rahman, L. H., Leluni, A., Lesari, A. T., Yuniarti, A., Putri, A., Andini, S., Putria, E. P., Muna, A., Adhitya, M. F., Rahmadinah, D., Nisa, K., Hidayah, L., Nabila, P., Dang Meka, A., Pitriya, A., Hidayati, A., Anggraini, F., & Wikklin, M. (2024). EDUCATION ON ECONOMICAL METHODS USING WATERMELON JUICE AS AN EFFORT TO REDUCE HYPERTENSION IN PEMAKU VILLAGE. Proceedings of Research and Service of Scholars' Works, 2. https://wpcpublisher.com/jurnal/index.php/prosidingkaryacendekia
Riskesdas. (2018). National Riskesdas Report 2018. Publishing Institution of the Health Research and Development Agency (LPB)).
Sari, R., & Purwono, J. (2022). EFFECT OF COCONUT WATER ON BLOOD PRESSURE REDUCTION IN HYPERTENSION PATIENTS. Journal of Health Discourse, 7(1).
Singh, K., Liao, H., Edirisinghe, I., Burton-Freeman, B., & Sandhu, A. K. (2025). Dose–Response Effect of Watermelon Consumption on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. Nutrients, 17(19), 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17193073
Sudayasa, I. P., Rahman, M. F., Eso, A., Jamaluddin, J., Parawansah, P., Alifariki, L. O., Arimaswati, A., & Kholidha, A. N. (2020). Early Detection of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in the Community of Andepali Village, Sampara District, Konawe Regency. Journal of Community Engagement in Health, 3(1), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.30994/jceh.v3i1.37
Swastini, N. (2021). The Effectiveness of Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata Linn) on Lowering Blood Pressure in Hypertension. Sandi Husada Health Scientific Journal, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v10i2.618
Telaumbanua, A. C., & Rahayu, Y. (2021). Counseling and education about hypertension. Journal of Scientific Studies, 3(1), 119–124.
Uyuun, N., Biahimo, I., Nur, S., Kundji, A. R., & Artikel, R. (2023). Analysis of Watermelon Juice Administration in the Elderly with Hypertension at the Jannati Elderly Hospital, Gorontalo Province (Vol. 4, Issue 2). https://jurnal.akperrscikini.ac.id/index.php/JKC
WHO. (2023, March 16). Hypertension.
Wilda, I., State, S., & East, S. (2022). The Effectiveness of Red Watermelon (Citrullus Vulgaris) in Reducing Blood Pressure in the Elderly. Journal of Endurance, 6(3), 460–467.
Yulisetyaningrum, Chandiq Kurniawan, N., Tiara, N., & Cholifah, N. (2024). THE EFFECT OF HEAD MASSAGE THERAPY ON LOWERING BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE ELDERLY. In Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ( Vol. 15, Issue 1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v15i1.2200
Yunding, J., Megawaty, I., & Aulia, A. (2021). The effectiveness of gymnastics in the elderly on lowering blood pressure: a literature review. Borneo Nursing Journal, 3(1), 23–32.