Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study explores the role of accounting practices—Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), social accounting, and integrated reporting—in promoting sustainability and responsible investment. It aims to assess how these practices drive environmentally accountable decisions, enhance resource efficiency, and strengthen stakeholder engagement.
Research Design and Methodology: A qualitative literature review methodology is used to analyze and synthesize findings from existing empirical studies and theoretical frameworks. The study draws from diverse sources to understand the impact of accounting approaches on corporate performance, stakeholder relationships, and long-term value creation.
Findings and Discussion: The review reveals that standardized methods, data accuracy, and cross-disciplinary collaboration are critical to improving environmental and social impact measurement. Furthermore, the study highlights the growing influence of emerging technologies, including blockchain and artificial intelligence, in enhancing transparency and effectiveness in sustainability reporting.
Implications: Findings suggest that accounting practices can play a transformative role in advancing sustainable development and responsible investment. The study provides insights for refining reporting frameworks and underscores the need for additional research on integrating technological innovations into sustainability accounting, thereby supporting informed policy and strategic decision-making.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
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References
Adams, C. A. (2015). The International Integrated Reporting Council: A Call to Action. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 27, 23-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2014.02.001
Adams, C. A., & Larrinaga-González, C. (2016). Twenty-Five Years of Social and Environmental Accounting Research within Critical Perspectives of Accounting: Hits, Misses and Ways Forward. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 43, 65-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2015.09.001
Adams, C., Frost, G., & Webber, A. (2021). Social Accounting: A Tool for Assessing and Evaluating Corporate Performance. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(3), 1554-1567. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2758
Aggarwal, R. K., Goodell, J. W., & Selle, D. P. (2020). Executive Compensation and Sustainability: The Role of ESG Performance-Based Incentives. Journal of Business Ethics, 167(3), 473-494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04255-4
Aggarwal, R., Erel, I., Ferreira, M., & Matos, P. (2020). Does Corporate Governance Matter for ESG Disclosure? Evidence from the United States. Journal of Financial Economics, 138(2), 363-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.11.001
Baird, L. N., & Kosowatz, E. (2017). Blockchain: Opportunities for Health Care. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 24(6), 1211-1213. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocx069
Batten, J. A., Sowerbutts, R., & Tanaka, M. (2016). Let's Talk about the Weather: The Impact of Climate Change on Central Banks. Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, 56(3), 150-160.
Batten, J. A., Sowerbutts, R., & Tanaka, M. (2016). Let's Talk Money: What Every Economist and Political Scientist Should Know about Financial Crises. Review of International Political Economy, 23(1), 100-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2015.1092910
Beattie, V., & Smith, S. J. (2013). Value Relevance of Environmental and Social Disclosures for High and Low Sustainability Impact Firms. Accounting and Business Research, 43(2), 133-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2012.737779
Bebbington, J., & Gray, R. (2001). An Account of Sustainability: Failure, Success and a Reconceptualization. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 12(5), 557-587. https://doi.org/10.1006/cpac.2001.0507
Bock, C., Stumberger, R., & Granitzer, M. (2021). A Framework for Interoperable Blockchain Platforms. Frontiers in Blockchain, 4, 651860. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbloc.2021.651860
Brooks, M. R. (2020). Integrating Environmental Sustainability into Accounting Curricula: A Strategic Analysis. Journal of Accounting Education, 53, 100703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccedu.2020.100703
Bugg-Levine, A., & Emerson, J. (2011). Impact Investing: Transforming How We Make Money While Making a Difference. John Wiley & Sons.
Busch, T., & Hoffmann, V. H. (2011). Making Sense of Global Environmental Change: The Role of Social Sciences. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511975635
Ceres. (2021). Engage the Chain: A Guide to Investors on Corporate Engagement on Deforestation. https://www.ceres.org/resources/reports/engage-chain-guide-investors-corporate-engagement-deforestation
Clark, G. L., Feiner, A., & Viehs, M. (2020). From the Stockholder to the Stakeholder: How Sustainability Can Drive Financial Outperformance. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815847-4.00006-2
Climate Bonds Initiative. (2021). Green Bond Market Summary 2020. https://www.climatebonds.net/resources/reports/green-bond-market-summary-2020
Crane, A., Henriques, I., & Husted, B. W. (2019). Stakeholder Engagement: A Mechanism for Sustainable Capitalism. Organizational Dynamics, 48(1), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2018.12.004
DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101
Dumay, J., & Baard, V. (2021). Advancing Theory and Method in Social and Environmental Accounting Research. Meditari Accountancy Research, 29(3), 474-493. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-11-2020-0713
Eccles, R. G., & Serafeim, G. (2013). The Performance Frontier: Innovating for a Sustainable Strategy. Harvard Business Review, 91(5), 50-60. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
European Commission. (2018). Action Plan: Financing Sustainable Growth. https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/sustainable-finance-action-plan-2018-mar-08_en
Flammer, C. (2015). Does Corporate Social Responsibility Lead to Superior Financial Performance? A Regression Discontinuity Approach. Management Science, 61(11), 2549-2568. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2014
Global Impact Investing Network. (2020). Sizing the Impact Investing Market. https://thegiin.org/assets/GIIN_Sizing%20the%20Impact%20Investing%20Market_webfile.pdf
Global Reporting Initiative. (2020). GRI Standards. https://doi.org/10.3787/9789282178067-en
GRI. (2020). About GRI. https://www.globalreporting.org/about-gri/
Hawn, O., & Ioannou, I. (2019). Mind the Gap: The Interplay between External and Internal Actions in the Case of Corporate Social Responsibility. Strategic Management Journal, 40(9), 1407-1430. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3017
Husted, B. W., Allen, D. G., & Semechkina, O. (2020). A Review of the Impact of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) on Firm Performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242, 118493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118493
IIRC. (2020). International Integrated Reporting Framework. https://integratedreporting.org/resource/international--integrated-reporting-framework/
IMP. (2021). Impact Management Project. https://impactmanagementproject.com /
Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2017). The Consequences of Mandatory Corporate Sustainability Reporting. Harvard Business School Working Paper, (17-079). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2809495
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
Khan, M. R., Serafeim, G., & Yoon, A. (2018). Corporate Sustainability: First Evidence on Materiality. The Accounting Review, 93(6), 355-362. https://doi.org/10.2307/24965953
Lee, J. H., Chae, B. K., & Kim, Y. (2021). Blockchain and Its Impact on Environmental Sustainability: A Bibliometric Review and Research Agenda. Sustainability, 13(3), 1372. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031372
Lee, S., Kim, S., & Kim, D. (2021). Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence: A Promising Future for Environmental and Social Impact Measurement. Business Horizons, 64(3), 359-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.01.003
Li, F., & Serafeim, G. (2017). The Evolution of Socially Responsible Investing: A Natural Language Processing Approach. Harvard Business School Working Paper, (18-028). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2854895
Marquis, C., & Qian, Y. (2021). The Impact of Integrated Reporting on Firm Value. Strategic Management Journal, 42(2), 226-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3155
Rangkuti, F. (2023). The Role of Green Accounting in Enhancing Sustainability Reporting: Evidence from Indonesian Listed Companies. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 14(1), 101-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-09-2021-0405
S. (2022). Green Accounting for Sustainable Development. Environmental Policy and Law, 52(3-4), 307-309. https://doi.org/10.3233/EPL-219910
Sahoo, A. K. (2023). Green Accounting Practices in the Banking Sector: A Study of Environmental Cost Management and Reporting. International Journal of Banking and Finance, 8(2), 79-90. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijbf.v8n2p79
Schaltegger, S., & Burritt, R. (2018). Contemporary Environmental Accounting: Issues, Concepts and Practice. Greenleaf Publishing.
Schaltegger, S., & Burritt, R. (2018). Environmental Management Accounting: Case Studies of South-East Asian Companies. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315146273
Sustainability Accounting Standards Board. (2021). SASB Standards. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2016.1075