Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of internal audits on the effectiveness of the internal control system in the Nursing Department at the PT KBN Graha Medika General Hospital.
Research Method: This study employed a quantitative, associative design. The sample consisted of 111 respondents selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire and analyzed using simple linear regression.
Results and Discussion: Internal audits have a positive and significant impact on the effectiveness of internal control systems. This suggests that improvements in the quality of internal audit performance are accompanied by greater effectiveness of internal controls. However, their contribution remains limited, indicating that other factors are also at play.
Implications: This study makes an empirical contribution by examining the role of internal audits in the operational context of nursing care. This topic has received limited attention in the literature. The findings confirm that internal audits serve as an evaluative mechanism for strengthening internal controls; however, their effectiveness depends on their implementation and support from other organizational factors.
Originality: to examine the impact of internal audits on the effectiveness of internal control systems in the context of nursing operations in hospitals.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
- Alhamed, N., Adam, & Arsid. (2025). Pengaruh Internal Audit, Pencegahan dan Pendeteksian Kecurangan terhadap Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal pada PT. Al Raqeeb Universal Group. Cakrawala: Ekonomi Dan Keuangan, 3(1).
- Chance, E. A., Florence, D., & Abdoul, I. S. (2024). The Effectiveness of Checklists and Error Reporting Systems in Enhancing Patient Safety and Reducing Medical Errors in Hospital Settings: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 11(3), 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.06.003
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- Sari, D. K. (2021). Analysis of the Role of Internal Audit in Enhancing the Company’s Internal Control. Golden Ratio of Auditing Research, 2(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.52970/grar.v2i1.371
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- Sawyer, L. B., Dittenhofer, M. A., & Scheiner, J. H. (2005). Sawyer’s internal auditing (Audit internal Sawyer) (Terjemahan). Salemba Empat.
- Sonjaya, Y., Iswati, S., & Muslim, M. (2025). The Role of Internal Control Systems in Enhancing Local Financial Report Accountability. E-JA: Jurnal Akuntansi, 29(21), 336–358.
- Sugiyono. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
- Suharyono, M. R., & Fitrianisa, E. (2025). Examining the Impact of Internal Control and Internal Audit on the Trustworthiness of Accounting Information Systems: A Literature Review. Acman: Accounting and Management Journal, 5(2), 116–137.
- Tugiman, H. (2006). Standar Profesional Audit Internal, Kanisisus, Yogyakarta.
- Yuliana, K. A., & Badren, Y. (2024). The Effect of Internal Audit and The Effectiveness of Internal Control on The Ability to Detect Fraud. AMAR: Amkop Management Accounting Review, 4(2), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.37531/amar.v4i2.2622
- World Health Organization. (2021). Global patient safety action plan 2021–2030: Towards eliminating avoidable harm in health care. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240032705
References
Alhamed, N., Adam, & Arsid. (2025). Pengaruh Internal Audit, Pencegahan dan Pendeteksian Kecurangan terhadap Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal pada PT. Al Raqeeb Universal Group. Cakrawala: Ekonomi Dan Keuangan, 3(1).
Chance, E. A., Florence, D., & Abdoul, I. S. (2024). The Effectiveness of Checklists and Error Reporting Systems in Enhancing Patient Safety and Reducing Medical Errors in Hospital Settings: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 11(3), 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.06.003
Devakumar, I., & Adhinarayanan, P. (2025). Assessing the Impact and Root Causes of Medical Errors in a Multispeciality Hospital. Research Square, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6554912/v1
Haerani, A., Prihatin, K. S., Razma, A., & Nurajijah, R. (2026). Systematic Literature Review of Internal Audit Role, Internal Control System, and Organizational Commitment in Enhancing Financial Report Quality. PROGRESS: Jurnal Pendidikan, Akuntansi, dan Keuangan, 9(1).
Hanif, A., & Nadhifah, B. (2025). Effectiveness of Internal Control Environment in Preventing Fraud: Efektivitas Lingkungan Pengendalian Internal dalam Mencegah Kecurangan. Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review, 20(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.21070/ijler.v20i1.1420
Hanif, A., Widodo, H., Dwi, D., Rini, O., & Saraswati, A. P. (2025). The Effectiveness of Internal Control in Amal Usaha Pendidikan Muhammadiyah. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 35(10), 2059–2075. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJA.2025.v35.i10.p02
Hasmal, A. S., Syahra, A., & Masyhuri. (2025). Peran Audit Internal dalam Meningkatkan Keandalan Pengelolaan Aset Tetap melalui Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal pada Entitas Bisnis. Journal of Economic and Business Advancement, 1(2), 63–71. https://doi.org/10.65310/n9qpqf46
Hutasoit, M., Riftiasari, D., & Ridwan, A. (2025a). Pengaruh Penerapan Teknologi Informasi dan Audit Internal terhadap Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal Persediaan pada PT Sejahtera Berkat Mandiri. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 7(3), 653–658. https://doi.org/10.37034/infeb.v7i3.1257
Karina, P., N. R., Prameswari, A., & Rahayu, I. (2025). Peran Efektivitas Sistem Pengendalian Internal dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi. Quantum: Jurnal Dinamika Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi, 2(1), 32–40.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI. https://www.kemkes.go.id/app_asset/file_content_download/Profil-Kesehatan-Indonesia-2023.pdf
Majidah, N., & Falikhatun, F. (2024). The Role of Internal Audit on the Quality of Financial Reports. JPPI: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia, 10(4), 616–627.
Mihret, D. G., & Yismaw, A. W. (2007). Internal audit effectiveness: An Ethiopian public sector case study. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(5), 470–484. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900710750757
Montolalu, I. A., & Ruhdiat, R. (2024). Analysis of Patient Safety, Medical Error, and Event Reporting Culture Perception at Bekasi Hospital 2024. The Journal of Academic Science, 1(6), 636–647. https://doi.org/10.59613/rky2qp86
Mulyadi. (2017). Sistem Pengendalian Internal. Salemba Empat.
Novatiani, R. A., Kusumah, R. W. R., Yadiati, W., Rachmat, R. A. H., & Rachman, A. A. (2024). Internal Auditor Competence and Internal Control: Improving Internal Audit Quality to Prevent Fraudulent Financial Statements. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2409339
Pei-Ying, K. O., Chen-Shie, H. O., & Pei-Hung, L. I. A. O. (2021). The Impact of a Multilevel Interactive Nursing Quality Control and Audit Application on Nursing Quality Management. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00767-0
Putra, Y. P. K., & Mita, A. F. (2025). Enhancing Internal Audit Effectiveness Through Global Internal Audit Standards: Insights From A Social Insurance Case. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 15(2), 349–364. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v15i2.40532
Peraturan Direktur Rumah Sakit Pekerja PT KBN Graha Medika tentang Data Kepegawaian Departemen Keperawatan. (2026).
Rae, K., Sands, J., & Subramaniam, N. (2017). Associations among the Five Components within COSO Internal Control-Integrated Framework as the Underpinning of Quality Corporate Governance. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 11(1), 28–54. https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v11i1.4
Saputra, M. A., & Novita. (2022). Sistem Pengendalian Internal Berdasarkan COSO Framework Pada Perusahaan Konstruksi. JRA: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Politika, 6(1), 197–210.
Sari, D. K. (2021). Analysis of the Role of Internal Audit in Enhancing the Company’s Internal Control. Golden Ratio of Auditing Research, 2(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.52970/grar.v2i1.371
Sawyer, L. B., Dittenhofer, M. A., & Scheiner, J. H. (2003). Sawyer’s internal auditing: The practice of modern internal auditing (5th ed.). The Institute of Internal Auditors.
Sawyer, L. B., Dittenhofer, M. A., & Scheiner, J. H. (2005). Sawyer’s internal auditing (Audit internal Sawyer) (Terjemahan). Salemba Empat.
Sonjaya, Y., Iswati, S., & Muslim, M. (2025). The Role of Internal Control Systems in Enhancing Local Financial Report Accountability. E-JA: Jurnal Akuntansi, 29(21), 336–358.
Sugiyono. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Suharyono, M. R., & Fitrianisa, E. (2025). Examining the Impact of Internal Control and Internal Audit on the Trustworthiness of Accounting Information Systems: A Literature Review. Acman: Accounting and Management Journal, 5(2), 116–137.
Tugiman, H. (2006). Standar Profesional Audit Internal, Kanisisus, Yogyakarta.
Yuliana, K. A., & Badren, Y. (2024). The Effect of Internal Audit and The Effectiveness of Internal Control on The Ability to Detect Fraud. AMAR: Amkop Management Accounting Review, 4(2), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.37531/amar.v4i2.2622
World Health Organization. (2021). Global patient safety action plan 2021–2030: Towards eliminating avoidable harm in health care. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240032705