Main Article Content
Abstract
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja operasional PT. Indosat Tbk selama periode 2019–2024, baik sebelum maupun sesudah dilaksanakannya aksi korporasi penggabungan (merger). Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah pada indikator keuangan dan tata kelola seperti return on equity, efisiensi biaya operasional terhadap pendapatan, serta ukuran dewan direksi dan komite audit.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis data sekunder. Data yang dianalisis bersumber dari laporan tahunan PT. Indosat Tbk tahun 2019 hingga 2024, dengan metode analisis rasio yang mencakup return on equity, rasio biaya operasional terhadap pendapatan, serta pengamatan terhadap struktur tata kelola perusahaan.
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio return on equity mengalami fluktuasi signifikan sebelum merger, dengan penurunan tajam dan kenaikan drastis. Setelah merger, ROE menjadi lebih stabil. Rasio biaya operasional terhadap pendapatan menurun secara konsisten setelah merger, mencerminkan efisiensi operasional yang membaik. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan jumlah anggota dewan direksi dan komite audit pasca-merger, menunjukkan perbaikan dalam struktur pengambilan keputusan dan pengawasan internal.
Implikasi: Studi ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi manajemen perusahaan dan pemangku kepentingan mengenai dampak merger terhadap kinerja operasional dan tata kelola perusahaan. Temuan studi ini juga dapat dijadikan pertimbangan strategis dalam merancang kebijakan korporasi ke depan.
Keywords
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References
- Alickovic, V., & Brauweiler, H.-Ch. (2020). Mergers and Acquisitions: Share Deal vs. Asset Deal – Risks and Impediments. In H.-C. Brauweiler, V. V Kurchenkov, S. Abilov, & B. Zirkler (Eds.), Digitalization and Industry 4.0: Economic and Societal Development: An International and Interdisciplinary Exchange of Views and Ideas (pp. 233–243). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27110-7_16
- Amir, E., & Ghitti, M. (2021). Financial Analysis of Mergers and Acquisitions: Understanding Financial Statements and Accounting Rules with Case Studies. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61769-1
- Dewi, S. L., & Widjaja, I. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Merger Dan Akuisisi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dan Abnormal Return Pada Perusahaan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018. https://lintar.untar.ac.id/repository/penelitian/buktipenelitian_10103045_4A050321123441.pdf
- Distler, J. (2018). Fundamentals of mergers & acquisitions. In J. Distler (Ed.), Acquisitions by Emerging Multinational Corporations: Motivation and Performance of Transactions in Western Europe and North America (pp. 9–63). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-19112-2_2
- Douidar, S., & Sutton, N. (2024). Repatriation tax and dividend policy. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 35(1), 38–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22645
- Elnahas, A. M., Jain, P. K., & McInish, T. H. (2022). Mixed‐signal stock splits. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 49(5–6), 934–962. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12570
- Aurelia, N. F. (2024). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING), 7(5).
- Green, M. B. (2016). Mergers and acquisitions. International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0196.pub2
- Gugler, K., Mueller, D. C., Yurtoglu, B. B., & Zulehner, C. (2003). The effects of mergers: an international comparison. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21(5), 625–653. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7187(02)00107-8
- Ibrahimi, M. (2018). Mergers & acquisitions: Theory, strategy, finance. John Wiley & Sons.
- Joseph, K., & Kadapakkam, P. (2024). Dividend mispricing: Evidence from all‐stock merger deals. Journal of Financial Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfir.12441
- Kumar, B. R., Kumar, A., & Amboy. (2019). Wealth Creation in the World’s Largest Mergers and Acquisitions. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02363-8
- Kurniasari, R. (2017). Analisis Biaya Operasional Dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) Terhadap Return On Assets (ROA). Jurnal Perspektif, 15(1), 71–78. https://web.archive.org/web/20180413080755id_/http://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/perspektif/article/viewFile/2008/1479
- Marsha, F., & Ghozali, I. (2017). Pengaruh ukuran komite audit, audit eksternal, jumlah rapat komite audit, jumlah rapat dewan komisaris dan kepemilikan institusional terhadap manajemen laba (studi empiris perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bei tahun 2012-2014). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 6(2), 91–102. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting/article/view/18245
- Mashruwala, C., & Mashruwala, S. (2025). EPS‐motivated share repurchases and wealth transfer. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 52(2), 722–749. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12826
- Mei Rinta. (2021). Ukuran Dewan Direksi, Aktivitas Komite Audit Dan Ukuran Komite Audit Terhadap Manajemen Laba. Journal of Accounting Science, 5(1), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.21070/jas.v5i1.1336
- Mueller, D. C. (1969). A theory of conglomerate mergers. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 83(4), 643–659. https://doi.org/10.2307/1885454
- Nuralamsyah, N., Nasser, A., & Patunggu, M. A. (2022). Analisa Dampak Kinerja PT Pelindo Pasca Di-Merger. Riset Sains Dan Teknologi Kelautan, 5(2), 100–105. https://doi.org/10.62012/sensistek.v5i2.24237
- Piesse, J., Lee, C.-F., Lin, L., & Kuo, H.-C. (2006). Merger and acquisition: Definitions, motives, and market responses. In C.-F. Lee & A. C. Lee (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Finance (pp. 541–554). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-26336-6_53
- Piesse, J., Lee, C.-F., Lin, L., & Kuo, H.-C. (2022). Merger and Acquisition: Definitions, Motives, and Market Responses. In C.-F. Lee & A. C. Lee (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Finance (pp. 877–894). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91231-4_28
- Poniachek, H. A. (2021). Mergers and Acquisitions: Principles and Practices. In C.-F. Lee & A. C. Lee (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Finance (pp. 1–44). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73443-5_105-1
- Purba, R. O., & Sulistiyo, H. (2024). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Indosat, Tbk (TAHUN 2018-2021) Dengan Metode Analisis Common Size. Bilancia: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 8(1), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.35145/bilancia.v8i1.4260
- Qoni’ah, N., & Hidayat, R. (2023). Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Sebelum dan Sesudah Merger Akuisisi pada Perusahaan Non Keuangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. REVITALISASI: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 12(1), 1–11.
- Rahmawati, S. P., Putri, A. M., Tsabit, H., Hoeriah, N. H., Ajibroto, K., & Ismawati, L. (2023). Strategi Mengembangkan Perusahaan Melalui Merger dan Akuisisi. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Manajemen (EKO-BISMA), 2(1), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.58268/eb.v2i1.25
- Rizal, M. (2017). analisis kinerja keuangan PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk. Jurnal Serambi Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 4(1).
- Sadeghi, J., Toloo, M., & Sahoo, B. K. (2025). Evaluating economies of scope and potential merger: an alternative approach. Annals of Operations Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-024-06418-2
- Salinger, M. A. (2024). The 2023 Merger Guidelines and The Role of Economics. Review of Industrial Organization, 65(1), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-024-09957-x
- Santín, D., & Tejada, J. (2025). Is it worth it? Using DEA to analyze the efficiency gains and costs of merging university departments: a case study of the Complutense University of Madrid. International Transactions in Operational Research, 32(5), 2593–2619. https://doi.org/10.1111/itor.13488
- Siregar, I. A. (2021). Analisis dan interpretasi data kuantitatif. ALACRITY: Journal of Education, 39–48. https://doi.org/10.52121/alacrity.v1i2.25
- Swandani, S., Andriani, W., & Julkifli, J. (2024). Analisis Perbandingan Profitabilitas Sebelum dan Setelah Merger Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). POINT: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 6(1), 99–114. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46918/point.v6i1.2247
- Usmany, L. R., & Badjra, I. B. (2019). Perbedaan Kinerja Keuangan Bank OCBC NISP Sebelum dan Sesudah Merger Di Indonesia. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 8(8), 5036. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i08.p12
- Valletti, T., & Zenger, H. (2021). Mergers with Differentiated Products: Where Do We Stand? Review of Industrial Organization, 58(1), 179–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-021-09810-5
- Widodo, A. P., Delfiana, Y., & Manurung, E. T. (2024). Analisis Roa Dan Roe PT Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison Sebelum dan Sesudah Proses Merger. Remittance: Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Perbankan, 5(2), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.56486/remittance.vol5no2.536
- Wisnu, F. E. L., Herlianto, F., Siregar, A. M. N., & Tarina, D. D. Y. (2023). Analisis Faktor Serta Dampak Serta Dampak Merger Bank Cimb Niaga dan Lippo Terhadap Karyawan, Nasabah, dan Kreditur. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10213540
- Zahra, I. A., & Syaiful, R. A. (2022). Analisis Merger dan Acquisition Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Non Keuangan Yang Terdaftar di Bei Periode 2008-2014. Jurnal Ekonomi Utama, 1(2), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.55903/astina.v1i2.11
- Zhu, S., Lu, R., Xu, T., Wu, W., & Chen, Y. (2024). Can common institutional owners inhibit bad mergers and acquisitions? Evidence from China. International Review of Economics & Finance, 89, 246–266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2023.07.045
References
Alickovic, V., & Brauweiler, H.-Ch. (2020). Mergers and Acquisitions: Share Deal vs. Asset Deal – Risks and Impediments. In H.-C. Brauweiler, V. V Kurchenkov, S. Abilov, & B. Zirkler (Eds.), Digitalization and Industry 4.0: Economic and Societal Development: An International and Interdisciplinary Exchange of Views and Ideas (pp. 233–243). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27110-7_16
Amir, E., & Ghitti, M. (2021). Financial Analysis of Mergers and Acquisitions: Understanding Financial Statements and Accounting Rules with Case Studies. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61769-1
Dewi, S. L., & Widjaja, I. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Merger Dan Akuisisi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dan Abnormal Return Pada Perusahaan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018. https://lintar.untar.ac.id/repository/penelitian/buktipenelitian_10103045_4A050321123441.pdf
Distler, J. (2018). Fundamentals of mergers & acquisitions. In J. Distler (Ed.), Acquisitions by Emerging Multinational Corporations: Motivation and Performance of Transactions in Western Europe and North America (pp. 9–63). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-19112-2_2
Douidar, S., & Sutton, N. (2024). Repatriation tax and dividend policy. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 35(1), 38–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22645
Elnahas, A. M., Jain, P. K., & McInish, T. H. (2022). Mixed‐signal stock splits. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 49(5–6), 934–962. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12570
Aurelia, N. F. (2024). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING), 7(5).
Green, M. B. (2016). Mergers and acquisitions. International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0196.pub2
Gugler, K., Mueller, D. C., Yurtoglu, B. B., & Zulehner, C. (2003). The effects of mergers: an international comparison. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21(5), 625–653. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7187(02)00107-8
Ibrahimi, M. (2018). Mergers & acquisitions: Theory, strategy, finance. John Wiley & Sons.
Joseph, K., & Kadapakkam, P. (2024). Dividend mispricing: Evidence from all‐stock merger deals. Journal of Financial Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfir.12441
Kumar, B. R., Kumar, A., & Amboy. (2019). Wealth Creation in the World’s Largest Mergers and Acquisitions. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02363-8
Kurniasari, R. (2017). Analisis Biaya Operasional Dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) Terhadap Return On Assets (ROA). Jurnal Perspektif, 15(1), 71–78. https://web.archive.org/web/20180413080755id_/http://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/perspektif/article/viewFile/2008/1479
Marsha, F., & Ghozali, I. (2017). Pengaruh ukuran komite audit, audit eksternal, jumlah rapat komite audit, jumlah rapat dewan komisaris dan kepemilikan institusional terhadap manajemen laba (studi empiris perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bei tahun 2012-2014). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 6(2), 91–102. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting/article/view/18245
Mashruwala, C., & Mashruwala, S. (2025). EPS‐motivated share repurchases and wealth transfer. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 52(2), 722–749. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12826
Mei Rinta. (2021). Ukuran Dewan Direksi, Aktivitas Komite Audit Dan Ukuran Komite Audit Terhadap Manajemen Laba. Journal of Accounting Science, 5(1), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.21070/jas.v5i1.1336
Mueller, D. C. (1969). A theory of conglomerate mergers. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 83(4), 643–659. https://doi.org/10.2307/1885454
Nuralamsyah, N., Nasser, A., & Patunggu, M. A. (2022). Analisa Dampak Kinerja PT Pelindo Pasca Di-Merger. Riset Sains Dan Teknologi Kelautan, 5(2), 100–105. https://doi.org/10.62012/sensistek.v5i2.24237
Piesse, J., Lee, C.-F., Lin, L., & Kuo, H.-C. (2006). Merger and acquisition: Definitions, motives, and market responses. In C.-F. Lee & A. C. Lee (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Finance (pp. 541–554). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-26336-6_53
Piesse, J., Lee, C.-F., Lin, L., & Kuo, H.-C. (2022). Merger and Acquisition: Definitions, Motives, and Market Responses. In C.-F. Lee & A. C. Lee (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Finance (pp. 877–894). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91231-4_28
Poniachek, H. A. (2021). Mergers and Acquisitions: Principles and Practices. In C.-F. Lee & A. C. Lee (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Finance (pp. 1–44). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73443-5_105-1
Purba, R. O., & Sulistiyo, H. (2024). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Indosat, Tbk (TAHUN 2018-2021) Dengan Metode Analisis Common Size. Bilancia: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 8(1), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.35145/bilancia.v8i1.4260
Qoni’ah, N., & Hidayat, R. (2023). Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Sebelum dan Sesudah Merger Akuisisi pada Perusahaan Non Keuangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. REVITALISASI: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 12(1), 1–11.
Rahmawati, S. P., Putri, A. M., Tsabit, H., Hoeriah, N. H., Ajibroto, K., & Ismawati, L. (2023). Strategi Mengembangkan Perusahaan Melalui Merger dan Akuisisi. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Manajemen (EKO-BISMA), 2(1), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.58268/eb.v2i1.25
Rizal, M. (2017). analisis kinerja keuangan PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk. Jurnal Serambi Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 4(1).
Sadeghi, J., Toloo, M., & Sahoo, B. K. (2025). Evaluating economies of scope and potential merger: an alternative approach. Annals of Operations Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-024-06418-2
Salinger, M. A. (2024). The 2023 Merger Guidelines and The Role of Economics. Review of Industrial Organization, 65(1), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-024-09957-x
Santín, D., & Tejada, J. (2025). Is it worth it? Using DEA to analyze the efficiency gains and costs of merging university departments: a case study of the Complutense University of Madrid. International Transactions in Operational Research, 32(5), 2593–2619. https://doi.org/10.1111/itor.13488
Siregar, I. A. (2021). Analisis dan interpretasi data kuantitatif. ALACRITY: Journal of Education, 39–48. https://doi.org/10.52121/alacrity.v1i2.25
Swandani, S., Andriani, W., & Julkifli, J. (2024). Analisis Perbandingan Profitabilitas Sebelum dan Setelah Merger Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). POINT: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 6(1), 99–114. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46918/point.v6i1.2247
Usmany, L. R., & Badjra, I. B. (2019). Perbedaan Kinerja Keuangan Bank OCBC NISP Sebelum dan Sesudah Merger Di Indonesia. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 8(8), 5036. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i08.p12
Valletti, T., & Zenger, H. (2021). Mergers with Differentiated Products: Where Do We Stand? Review of Industrial Organization, 58(1), 179–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-021-09810-5
Widodo, A. P., Delfiana, Y., & Manurung, E. T. (2024). Analisis Roa Dan Roe PT Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison Sebelum dan Sesudah Proses Merger. Remittance: Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Perbankan, 5(2), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.56486/remittance.vol5no2.536
Wisnu, F. E. L., Herlianto, F., Siregar, A. M. N., & Tarina, D. D. Y. (2023). Analisis Faktor Serta Dampak Serta Dampak Merger Bank Cimb Niaga dan Lippo Terhadap Karyawan, Nasabah, dan Kreditur. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10213540
Zahra, I. A., & Syaiful, R. A. (2022). Analisis Merger dan Acquisition Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Non Keuangan Yang Terdaftar di Bei Periode 2008-2014. Jurnal Ekonomi Utama, 1(2), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.55903/astina.v1i2.11
Zhu, S., Lu, R., Xu, T., Wu, W., & Chen, Y. (2024). Can common institutional owners inhibit bad mergers and acquisitions? Evidence from China. International Review of Economics & Finance, 89, 246–266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2023.07.045