Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy, individual income, and ease of access on credit default among Generation Z paylater users in Pangkal Pinang City.
Research Method: A quantitative associative approach was employed using data from 122 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 25.
Results and Discussion: The results show that financial literacy and ease of access have a significant negative effect on credit default. In contrast, individual income does not have a significant effect. Simultaneously, all variables significantly influence credit default, explaining 15.6% of the variance. These findings indicate that credit default behavior is associated with financial understanding and accessibility factors, although the explanatory power of these factors remains limited.
Implications: The findings provide indicative insights to help financial service providers and regulators enhance transparency and support financial education on digital credit usage. Future research is recommended to include behavioral and contextual variables.
Originality: This study contributes to the BNPL credit risk literature by providing empirical evidence from a local Indonesian context and highlighting behavioral and accessibility dimensions among Generation Z users.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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- Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5
- Lwanga, S. K., & Lemeshow, S. (1991). Sample Size Determination in Health Studies: A Practical Manual. World Health Organization.
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- Pattinama, G. L. L. (2024). Pengaruh Kemudahan Akses terhadap Niat Melakukan Pinjaman pada Peer-to-Peer Lending. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan (JEBER), 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.69714/dveg4m29
- Prastyaningtyas, E. W. (2022). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Debt Habits. International Journal of Research and Review, 9(5), 236–244. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220530
- Revythi, A., & Tselios, N. (2019). Extension of Technology acceptance Model by Using System Usability Scale to Assess Behavioral Intention to Use E-Learning. Education and Information Technologies, 24, 2341–2355. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09869-4
- Silalahi, P. R., Syahputri, R. R., Prayoga, R., & Meianti, A. (2022). Pentingnya Literasi Keuangan bagi Masyarakat agar Tidak Tertipu Investasi Bodong: Studi Kasus Binomo. El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(3), 346–355. https://doi.org/10.47467/elmujtama.v2i3.1901
- Sreenivas, K., Ashiq, M. A. M., & Daniel, D. M. (2025). Increasing Indian Household Debt Due to Lifestyle based Loans on EMIs – Is this Whistle Blowing for Household? International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce, Management & Social Science, 08(04(I)), 171–176. https://doi.org/10.62823/IJARCMSS/8.4(I).8205
- Surya, N., & Evelyn. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Financial Self-Efficacy terhadap Risky Credit Behaviour dalam Penggunaan PayLater. 12(1). https://doi.org/10.33059/jmk.v12i1.5825
- Uttari, L. P. J. A., & Yudantara, I. G. A. P. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Pendapatan, dan Perilaku Keuangan terhadap Keputusan Investasi Generasi Milenial melalui Aplikasi BIBIT. Vokasi: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi, 12(1), 1–10. http://repo.undiksha.ac.id/id/eprint/15234
- Widiawati, L., Yasin, F. H., & Munandar, A. (2024). The Importance of Credit Risk Management in Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) Schemes. COSTING: Journal of Economic, Business and Accounting, 7, 10014–10020. https://doi.org/10.31539/costing.V7i4.11070
References
Amara, A. N. (2025, November 4). Kredit Macet Paylater Capai Rp1,2 Triliun, Mayoritas Peminjam Milenial. Bisnis.Com. https://finansial.bisnis.com/read/20251104/89/1925938/kredit-macet-paylater-capai-rp12-triliun-mayoritas-peminjam-milenial
Artavanis, N., & Karra, S. (2019). Financial Literacy and Student Debt. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3327151
Bank Sumsel Babel. (2024). Laporan Publikasi Keuangan dan Informasi Kinerja Keuangan Periode Triwulan PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Selatan dan Bangka Belitung. https://banksumselbabel.com/storage/Attachment/17315740421437731385.pdf
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education (Third). The University of Chicago Press.
Bisset, T., & Tenaw, D. (2020). Keeping Up with the Joneses: The Relevance of Duesenberry’s Relative Income Hypothesis in Ethiopia. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-83692/v1
Cabueñas, G. M. A., Guay, C. M. B., Montermoso, S. B., Pawaon, J. L., Jr., L. A. P., & Tilud, B. M. (2025). Financial Literacy and Loan Repayment Behaviour: Empirical Evidence from Rural Borrowers in Philippines. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 51(8), 425–447. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2025/v51i82251
Chen, H., & Volpe, R. P. (1998). An Analysis of Personal Financial Literacy Among College Students. 7(2), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1057-0810(99)80006-7
Cheng, M., & Qu, Y. (2020). Does Bank FinTech Reduce Credit Risk? Evidence from China. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101398
Davila, H., & Hilliard, J. (2024). Financial Literacy and Student Debt: Survey of College Students. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4836687
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models. Management Science, 35(8), 982–1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
Dewan Nasional Keuangan Inklusif. (2022). Laporan Pelaksanaan Strategi Nasional Keuangan Inklusif (SNKI) Tahun 2022.
Duesenberry, J. S. (1949). Income, Saving and the Theory of Consumption Behavior.
Erwantiningsih, E., Wahyuni, H., & Wardhani, P. S. (2024). The Influence of Financial Literacy, Income, and Lifestyle on Personal Financial Management with Self-Control as a Moderating Variable. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan. https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v12i1.11692
Herispon, H. (2019). An Empirical Analysis of Household Debt Behavior Determinants. Economics and Finance in Indonesia, 65(2), 132. https://doi.org/10.47291/efi.v65i2.627
Isnaini, W. I., & Istiyanto, B. (2023). Analisis Kemudahan Akses, Fitur Aplikasi, dan Strategi Promosi terhadap Keputusan Penggunaan Shopeepay. MRI: Jurnal Manajemen Riset Inovasi, 1(2), 239–256.
Jørgensen, T. (2014). The Way to Over-indebtedness—Intensive Marketing, Easy Access to Loans, and Insufficient Legislation (Denmark). Juridica International, 22(0), 71. https://doi.org/10.12697/ji.2014.22.08
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5
Lwanga, S. K., & Lemeshow, S. (1991). Sample Size Determination in Health Studies: A Practical Manual. World Health Organization.
Murta, F. S., & Gama, P. M. (2022). Does Financial Literacy “Grease the Wheels” of the Loans Market? A Note. Studies in Economics and Finance, 39(2), 331–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-05-2021-0216
Nisa, F. K., & Haryono, N. A. (2022). Pengaruh Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitude, Financial Self-Efficacy, Income, Locus of Control, dan Lifestyle terhadap Financial Management Behavior Generasi Z di Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 10, 82–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v10n1.p82-97
Okumuş, İ., Ayrıçay, Y., & Bekereci, N. E. (2024). The Effect of Income Distribution on Non-Performing Loans in Emerging Market Economies. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 453–467. http://dx.doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1418733
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2018). Salinan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 /POJK.05/2018.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan & Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Survei Nasional Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan (SNLIK) 2024.
Pattinama, G. L. L. (2024). Pengaruh Kemudahan Akses terhadap Niat Melakukan Pinjaman pada Peer-to-Peer Lending. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan (JEBER), 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.69714/dveg4m29
Prastyaningtyas, E. W. (2022). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Debt Habits. International Journal of Research and Review, 9(5), 236–244. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220530
Revythi, A., & Tselios, N. (2019). Extension of Technology acceptance Model by Using System Usability Scale to Assess Behavioral Intention to Use E-Learning. Education and Information Technologies, 24, 2341–2355. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09869-4
Silalahi, P. R., Syahputri, R. R., Prayoga, R., & Meianti, A. (2022). Pentingnya Literasi Keuangan bagi Masyarakat agar Tidak Tertipu Investasi Bodong: Studi Kasus Binomo. El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(3), 346–355. https://doi.org/10.47467/elmujtama.v2i3.1901
Sreenivas, K., Ashiq, M. A. M., & Daniel, D. M. (2025). Increasing Indian Household Debt Due to Lifestyle based Loans on EMIs – Is this Whistle Blowing for Household? International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce, Management & Social Science, 08(04(I)), 171–176. https://doi.org/10.62823/IJARCMSS/8.4(I).8205
Surya, N., & Evelyn. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Financial Self-Efficacy terhadap Risky Credit Behaviour dalam Penggunaan PayLater. 12(1). https://doi.org/10.33059/jmk.v12i1.5825
Uttari, L. P. J. A., & Yudantara, I. G. A. P. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Pendapatan, dan Perilaku Keuangan terhadap Keputusan Investasi Generasi Milenial melalui Aplikasi BIBIT. Vokasi: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi, 12(1), 1–10. http://repo.undiksha.ac.id/id/eprint/15234
Widiawati, L., Yasin, F. H., & Munandar, A. (2024). The Importance of Credit Risk Management in Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) Schemes. COSTING: Journal of Economic, Business and Accounting, 7, 10014–10020. https://doi.org/10.31539/costing.V7i4.11070