Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the Break-Even Point (BEP) and Margin of Safety (MOS) as Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) indicators for evaluating sales safety and profit planning at PT Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk (CEKA) during 2022–2024.
Research Method: A descriptive quantitative case study was employed using audited annual financial statements as secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Cost accounts were classified into fixed and variable costs using the Account Analysis Method based on the Notes to Financial Statements (CALK). Data were analyzed using Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) through the calculation of the Contribution Margin Ratio, Break-Even Point, and Margin of Safety.
Results and Discussion: Net sales increased from IDR 6.14 trillion in 2022 to IDR 8.00 trillion in 2024. The Margin of Safety Ratio rose from 60.37% to 70.19%, while the Break-Even Point remained relatively stable, indicating an increasing sales safety margin. Inflation, exchange rates, and crude palm oil (CPO) prices were used only as contextual information in interpreting the findings.
Implications: The findings support managerial decision-making in sales safety evaluation, cost control, and profit planning through periodic CVP analysis.
Originality: This study positions Margin of Safety as a sales safety indicator within the CVP framework and interprets macroeconomic conditions as contextual information rather than causal determinants.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
- Ahsan, T., Al-GAMRH, B., & Mirza, S. S. (2022). Economic policy uncertainty and sustainable financial growth: Does business strategy matter? Finance Research Letters, 46, 102381. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102381
- Apriansyah, S., Kamaludin, K., Zoraya, I., Putra, M. T., & Afandy, C. (2025). Economic Policy Uncertainty and Firm Value: The Role of Company Debt. APMBA (Asia Pacific Management and Business Application), 13(3), 249–272. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2025.013.03.4
- Arianpoor, A., & Eslami Khargh, F. (2023). How does economic policy uncertainty shift the firm’s future profitability enhancement through intangible capital? Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 16(3), 633–654. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2023-0087
- Bhimani, S., & Christianto, A. (2023). Comparative Analysis of Variable Costing and Full Costing Methods for Profit Planning and Managerial Decision-Making. Indonesia Auditing Research Journal, 12(4), 153–162. https://journals.iarn.or.id/index.php/ARJ/article/view/265
- Dailami, A., Kardofa, M., & Saputra, J. (2024). Analysis of Break Even Point and Margin of Safety as A Basis For Profit Planning At PT Unilever Indonesia TBK in 2017-2021. International Journal of Global Operations Research, 5, 147–152. https://doi.org/10.47194/ijgor.v5i3.324
- Das, N. A., Maison, W., Fitri, N. A., Yeni, F., Daturrahmi, S., Indriati, E., & Fitrian, G. (2025). Analisis Cost Volume Profit Dan Break Even Point Terhadap Perencanaan Laba. Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika, 18(2 SE-), 1572–1579. https://doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v18i2.953
- Ditoananto, A., & Purwanti, L. (2023). Analisis Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Pada Usaha Onotaki Dalam Situasi Ekonomi Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Reviu Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Sistem Informasi, 2(1), 138–144. https://doi.org/10.21776/reaksi.2023.2.1.119
- Haeruddin, H., Ibrahim, I., Jamali, H., & Ibrahim, I. (2023). Kondisi UMKM Batu Merah pada pandemic covid: analisis cost volume profit. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 9(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.29210/020222005
- Hesti, H., Aswat, I., & Yunita, K. (2024). Cost volume profit analysis as a profit planning tool at Buket Husnul. Neraca Keuangan: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 19(2), 211–219. https://doi.org/10.32832/neraca.v19i2.16600
- Husna, R. N., Syafina, L., & Nasution, Y. S. J. (2024). Analisis BEP dan MOS sebagai alat perencanaan laba pada UMKM di Toko Berlian Pancing. Jurnal Manajemen Terapan Dan Keuangan, 13(03), 772–782. https://doi.org/10.22437/jmk.v13i03.36682
- Januarsi, Y., & Taufik, H. E. R. (2025). Uncertainty About Economic Policy and Decisions to Engage in Real Earnings Management: Evidence From Indonesia’s Capital Market. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business: JIEB., 40(2), 274–293. https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.v4012.10194
- Medyawati, E., & Jamiah. (2025). Analisis Break Even Point (BEP) dan Margin of Safety (MOS) Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Pada CV. Sahabat Catering Tabalong. JAPB, 8(2 SE-Articles), 2194–2211. https://doi.org/10.35722/japb.v8i2.1419
- Muchsidin, F. F., Ramlah, R., Samalam, A. G., Wahab, A., & Lawalata, I. L. D. (2025). Evaluation of Liquidity, Capital Structure, and Risk Management Challenges in Maintaining Company Financial Stability. Advances in Management & Financial Reporting, 3(3 SE-Articles), 681–696. https://doi.org/10.60079/amfr.v3i3.585
- Najibah, R., & Putri, N. J. (2025). Perencanaan Laba pada Studio Foto dengan Menggunakan Analisis Cost Volume Profit (CVP) (Studi Kasus Studio Baskara Space Sungai Penuh). Journal Of Accounting and Finance, 1(03), 133–145. https://jurnal.stiesaktialamkerinci.ac.id/jakusi/article/view/25
- Novia, R. A., Nasution, J., & Nasution, Y. S. J. (2025). Break-Even Point (BEP) Analysis in Determining Service Prices at Duta Laundry Business: Analisis Titik Impas (BEP) dalam Penetapan Harga Layanan di Usaha Laundry Duta. Academia Open, 10(2), 10–21070. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.11920
- Nurfia, S., & Rismawandi, R. (2025). Dampak Biaya Produksi, Biaya Operasional, Biaya Keuangan dan Biaya Pajak terhadap Laba Bersih Perusahaan: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Barang Konsumsi Sub Sektor Kosmetik dan Kebutuhan Rumah Tangga yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 4(4), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.55606/jekombis.v4i4.5498
- Purwanti, P., Maulana, I., Nurfadilah, P., & Gultom, R. (2025). Analisis Break-Even Point sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba pada PT. Agrindo Cahaya Mandiri. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 5(1), 344–353. https://doi.org/10.51903/jiab.v5i1.1017
- Rachman, I. N. A., Alexander, S. W., & Latjandu, L. D. (2024). Analisis Break Even Point sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba pada CV Angin Mamiri Bitung. Manajemen Bisnis dan Keuangan Korporat, 2(2), 236–247. https://doi.org/10.58784/mbkk.171
- Rafi, M. I. A., Aprelianingrum, A., Indraswari, S. A. D. T., Erong, E. A. E., Wicaksono, F., Putriani, A. A. Y., Hwihanus, H., & Yovita, M. (2025). Hubungan Cost Estimation Reliability, Sales Volume Forecasting, Dan Cost Structure Flexibility Terhadap Keberhasilan Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Sebagai Alat Perencanaan: The Relationship of Cost Estimation Reliability, Sales Volume Forecasting, and Cost. Citizen: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 5(6), 1680–1689. https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v5i6.1121
- Ramadhan, A. A., & Setiawan, B. A. (2024). Analisis break-even point dan margin of safety sebagai perencanaan laba pada Depot Air Minum Aulia Tirta Kabupaten Bekasi. Jurnal E-Bis, 8(1), 372–381. https://doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v8i1.1451
- Rohmah, F. Y., Wicaksono, A., Muzakki, K., & Fahriani, D. (2025). Analisis Cost Volume Profit (CVP) sebagai alat perencanaan laba. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 22(2), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.36406/jam.v22i2.89
- Safitri, W., Herlin, H., & Rahman, A. (2024). Analisis Break-Even Point dan Margin of Safety sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba pada Usaha Tahu Sumber Mulya Kota Bengkulu. Miftah: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 2(1), 29–45. https://doi.org/10.61231/miftah.v2i1.243
- Santoso, B., Prasetyo, K., & Binastuti, T. (2022). Penerapan Analisis Cost Volume Profit (Cvp) Analysis Untuk Perencanaan Laba Jangka Pendek Pada TKIT Al Fathony Depok. Eqien - Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(04 SE-Articles), 420 – 435. https://doi.org/10.34308/eqien.v11i04.1280
- Syafitri, A. A., Sunarny, R., & Kusdinar, Y. H. (2025). Peran Kebijakan Moneter Dalam Stabilitas Harga Barang Konsumsi: Implikasi Bagi Manajemen Rantai Pasok Ritel. Sistemik: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Bidang Ilmu Teknik, 13(1), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.53580/sistemik.v13i1.144
- Wantira, E., Ridwan, R., & Pekerti, R. D. (2026). Analisis Penerapan Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) pada Perencanaan Laba di Alma Network Solution. GEMILANG: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 6(1), 182–199. https://doi.org/10.56910/gemilang.v6i1.3423
- Winata, D. I. (2025). Sektor Keuangan Sebagai Tulang Punggung Perekonomian Nasional: Analisis Volatilitas Dan Studi Kasus Perusahaan Bank Central Asia (BCA). Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis Dan Pendidikan, 5(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.17977/um066v5i12025p3
- Yanto, M. (2020). Penerapan Cost–Volume–Profit (Cvp) Sebagai Dasar Perencanaan Laba Pada Cv. Usaha Bersama Tanjungpinang. Jurnal Dimensi, 9(2), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.33373/dms.v9i2.2547
- Yuningsih, R. S. (2023). Analisis Break-Even Point sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Jangka Pendek pada CV Wana Jaya Lestari Palembang. Polteknik Negeri Sriwijaya. http://eprints.polsri.ac.id/id/eprint/14985%0A
- Ziendy Kharismawati, Indah Dewi, & Zaenuddin. (2021). Analisis Break Even Point (BEP) Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Bagi Manajemen. Conference on Economic and Business Innovation (CEBI), 1(1 SE-Articles Text), 34–45. https://jurnal.widyagama.ac.id/index.php/cebi/article/view/90
References
Ahsan, T., Al-GAMRH, B., & Mirza, S. S. (2022). Economic policy uncertainty and sustainable financial growth: Does business strategy matter? Finance Research Letters, 46, 102381. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102381
Apriansyah, S., Kamaludin, K., Zoraya, I., Putra, M. T., & Afandy, C. (2025). Economic Policy Uncertainty and Firm Value: The Role of Company Debt. APMBA (Asia Pacific Management and Business Application), 13(3), 249–272. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2025.013.03.4
Arianpoor, A., & Eslami Khargh, F. (2023). How does economic policy uncertainty shift the firm’s future profitability enhancement through intangible capital? Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 16(3), 633–654. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2023-0087
Bhimani, S., & Christianto, A. (2023). Comparative Analysis of Variable Costing and Full Costing Methods for Profit Planning and Managerial Decision-Making. Indonesia Auditing Research Journal, 12(4), 153–162. https://journals.iarn.or.id/index.php/ARJ/article/view/265
Dailami, A., Kardofa, M., & Saputra, J. (2024). Analysis of Break Even Point and Margin of Safety as A Basis For Profit Planning At PT Unilever Indonesia TBK in 2017-2021. International Journal of Global Operations Research, 5, 147–152. https://doi.org/10.47194/ijgor.v5i3.324
Das, N. A., Maison, W., Fitri, N. A., Yeni, F., Daturrahmi, S., Indriati, E., & Fitrian, G. (2025). Analisis Cost Volume Profit Dan Break Even Point Terhadap Perencanaan Laba. Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika, 18(2 SE-), 1572–1579. https://doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v18i2.953
Ditoananto, A., & Purwanti, L. (2023). Analisis Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Pada Usaha Onotaki Dalam Situasi Ekonomi Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Reviu Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Sistem Informasi, 2(1), 138–144. https://doi.org/10.21776/reaksi.2023.2.1.119
Haeruddin, H., Ibrahim, I., Jamali, H., & Ibrahim, I. (2023). Kondisi UMKM Batu Merah pada pandemic covid: analisis cost volume profit. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 9(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.29210/020222005
Hesti, H., Aswat, I., & Yunita, K. (2024). Cost volume profit analysis as a profit planning tool at Buket Husnul. Neraca Keuangan: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 19(2), 211–219. https://doi.org/10.32832/neraca.v19i2.16600
Husna, R. N., Syafina, L., & Nasution, Y. S. J. (2024). Analisis BEP dan MOS sebagai alat perencanaan laba pada UMKM di Toko Berlian Pancing. Jurnal Manajemen Terapan Dan Keuangan, 13(03), 772–782. https://doi.org/10.22437/jmk.v13i03.36682
Januarsi, Y., & Taufik, H. E. R. (2025). Uncertainty About Economic Policy and Decisions to Engage in Real Earnings Management: Evidence From Indonesia’s Capital Market. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business: JIEB., 40(2), 274–293. https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.v4012.10194
Medyawati, E., & Jamiah. (2025). Analisis Break Even Point (BEP) dan Margin of Safety (MOS) Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Pada CV. Sahabat Catering Tabalong. JAPB, 8(2 SE-Articles), 2194–2211. https://doi.org/10.35722/japb.v8i2.1419
Muchsidin, F. F., Ramlah, R., Samalam, A. G., Wahab, A., & Lawalata, I. L. D. (2025). Evaluation of Liquidity, Capital Structure, and Risk Management Challenges in Maintaining Company Financial Stability. Advances in Management & Financial Reporting, 3(3 SE-Articles), 681–696. https://doi.org/10.60079/amfr.v3i3.585
Najibah, R., & Putri, N. J. (2025). Perencanaan Laba pada Studio Foto dengan Menggunakan Analisis Cost Volume Profit (CVP) (Studi Kasus Studio Baskara Space Sungai Penuh). Journal Of Accounting and Finance, 1(03), 133–145. https://jurnal.stiesaktialamkerinci.ac.id/jakusi/article/view/25
Novia, R. A., Nasution, J., & Nasution, Y. S. J. (2025). Break-Even Point (BEP) Analysis in Determining Service Prices at Duta Laundry Business: Analisis Titik Impas (BEP) dalam Penetapan Harga Layanan di Usaha Laundry Duta. Academia Open, 10(2), 10–21070. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.11920
Nurfia, S., & Rismawandi, R. (2025). Dampak Biaya Produksi, Biaya Operasional, Biaya Keuangan dan Biaya Pajak terhadap Laba Bersih Perusahaan: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Barang Konsumsi Sub Sektor Kosmetik dan Kebutuhan Rumah Tangga yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 4(4), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.55606/jekombis.v4i4.5498
Purwanti, P., Maulana, I., Nurfadilah, P., & Gultom, R. (2025). Analisis Break-Even Point sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba pada PT. Agrindo Cahaya Mandiri. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 5(1), 344–353. https://doi.org/10.51903/jiab.v5i1.1017
Rachman, I. N. A., Alexander, S. W., & Latjandu, L. D. (2024). Analisis Break Even Point sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba pada CV Angin Mamiri Bitung. Manajemen Bisnis dan Keuangan Korporat, 2(2), 236–247. https://doi.org/10.58784/mbkk.171
Rafi, M. I. A., Aprelianingrum, A., Indraswari, S. A. D. T., Erong, E. A. E., Wicaksono, F., Putriani, A. A. Y., Hwihanus, H., & Yovita, M. (2025). Hubungan Cost Estimation Reliability, Sales Volume Forecasting, Dan Cost Structure Flexibility Terhadap Keberhasilan Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Sebagai Alat Perencanaan: The Relationship of Cost Estimation Reliability, Sales Volume Forecasting, and Cost. Citizen: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 5(6), 1680–1689. https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v5i6.1121
Ramadhan, A. A., & Setiawan, B. A. (2024). Analisis break-even point dan margin of safety sebagai perencanaan laba pada Depot Air Minum Aulia Tirta Kabupaten Bekasi. Jurnal E-Bis, 8(1), 372–381. https://doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v8i1.1451
Rohmah, F. Y., Wicaksono, A., Muzakki, K., & Fahriani, D. (2025). Analisis Cost Volume Profit (CVP) sebagai alat perencanaan laba. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 22(2), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.36406/jam.v22i2.89
Safitri, W., Herlin, H., & Rahman, A. (2024). Analisis Break-Even Point dan Margin of Safety sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba pada Usaha Tahu Sumber Mulya Kota Bengkulu. Miftah: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 2(1), 29–45. https://doi.org/10.61231/miftah.v2i1.243
Santoso, B., Prasetyo, K., & Binastuti, T. (2022). Penerapan Analisis Cost Volume Profit (Cvp) Analysis Untuk Perencanaan Laba Jangka Pendek Pada TKIT Al Fathony Depok. Eqien - Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(04 SE-Articles), 420 – 435. https://doi.org/10.34308/eqien.v11i04.1280
Syafitri, A. A., Sunarny, R., & Kusdinar, Y. H. (2025). Peran Kebijakan Moneter Dalam Stabilitas Harga Barang Konsumsi: Implikasi Bagi Manajemen Rantai Pasok Ritel. Sistemik: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Bidang Ilmu Teknik, 13(1), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.53580/sistemik.v13i1.144
Wantira, E., Ridwan, R., & Pekerti, R. D. (2026). Analisis Penerapan Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) pada Perencanaan Laba di Alma Network Solution. GEMILANG: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 6(1), 182–199. https://doi.org/10.56910/gemilang.v6i1.3423
Winata, D. I. (2025). Sektor Keuangan Sebagai Tulang Punggung Perekonomian Nasional: Analisis Volatilitas Dan Studi Kasus Perusahaan Bank Central Asia (BCA). Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis Dan Pendidikan, 5(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.17977/um066v5i12025p3
Yanto, M. (2020). Penerapan Cost–Volume–Profit (Cvp) Sebagai Dasar Perencanaan Laba Pada Cv. Usaha Bersama Tanjungpinang. Jurnal Dimensi, 9(2), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.33373/dms.v9i2.2547
Yuningsih, R. S. (2023). Analisis Break-Even Point sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Jangka Pendek pada CV Wana Jaya Lestari Palembang. Polteknik Negeri Sriwijaya. http://eprints.polsri.ac.id/id/eprint/14985%0A
Ziendy Kharismawati, Indah Dewi, & Zaenuddin. (2021). Analisis Break Even Point (BEP) Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Laba Bagi Manajemen. Conference on Economic and Business Innovation (CEBI), 1(1 SE-Articles Text), 34–45. https://jurnal.widyagama.ac.id/index.php/cebi/article/view/90