Main Article Content

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between the work environment, organizational culture, and employee welfare and their impact on financial performance. The research aims to comprehensively understand how these elements individually and synergistically influence organizational success, addressing gaps in prior literature.


Research Design and Methodology: To synthesize insights from existing studies, a qualitative approach utilizing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was employed. The review identified trends, patterns, and theoretical underpinnings connecting the work environment, organizational culture, and employee welfare with financial outcomes. Data were derived from peer-reviewed articles and theoretical frameworks such as Social Exchange Theory (SET) and the Resource-Based View (RBV).


Findings and Discussion: The study confirms that the work environment significantly affects productivity and efficiency, with physical, social, and psychological factors playing crucial roles. Organizational culture fosters innovation, adaptability, and collaboration, enhancing competitiveness and operational success. Employee welfare, encompassing physical, mental, and financial well-being, directly impacts employee retention, engagement, and cost efficiency. The synergy among these elements creates a holistic system that drives sustainable financial performance and competitive advantage. The findings underscore the need to integrate these factors into organizational strategies to optimize human capital.


Implications: This study offers practical guidance for managers and policymakers in designing evidence-based interventions to enhance financial outcomes through strategic human capital investments. Recommendations include fostering ergonomic workspaces, building adaptive organizational cultures, and prioritizing comprehensive welfare programs. Future research should explore empirical validations and examine the impact of technological advancements on these relationship

Keywords

work environment organizational culture employee welfare financial performance human capital strategy

Article Details

How to Cite
Rifai, M., Makduani, R., Krisnanto, B., Panus, P., & Lawalata, I. L. D. . (2025). The Relationship of Work Environment, Organizational Culture, and Employee Welfare to Financial Performance. Advances in Management & Financial Reporting, 3(3), 1129–1147. https://doi.org/10.60079/amfr.v3i3.636

References

  1. Ahsan, M. J. (2024). Unlocking sustainable success: exploring the impact of transformational leadership, organizational culture, and CSR performance on financial performance in the Italian manufacturing sector. Social Responsibility Journal, 20(4), 783–803. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-06-2023-0332
  2. Akisik, O., & Gal, G. (2017). The impact of corporate social responsibility and internal controls on stakeholders’ views of the firm and financial performance. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 8(3), 246–280. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-06-2015-0044
  3. Alateeg, S., & Alhammadi, A. (2024). The impact of organizational culture on organizational innovation with the mediation role of strategic leadership in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability, 13(2), 843–858. https://doi.org/10.18576/jsap/130220
  4. Ali, M., Khan, T. I., Khattak, M. N., & ŞENER, İ. (2024). Synergizing AI and business: Maximizing innovation, creativity, decision precision, and operational efficiency in high-tech enterprises. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3), 100352. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100352
  5. Ateeq, A., Al-Refaei, A. A.-A., Alzoraiki, M., Milhem, M., Al-Tahitah, A. N., & Ibrahim, A. (2024). Sustaining organizational outcomes in manufacturing firms: The role of HRM and occupational health and safety. Sustainability, 16(3), 1035. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16031035
  6. Bakri, M. (2024). Applying Organizational Psychology Principles for Positive Workplace Outcomes. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i1.258
  7. Barney, J. B. (1991). Resource Based View (RBV) theory. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.
  8. Bautista-Bernal, I., Quintana-García, C., & Marchante-Lara, M. (2024). Safety culture, safety performance and financial performance. A longitudinal study. Safety Science, 172, 106409. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106409
  9. Blau, P. (2017). Exchange and power in social life. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203792643
  10. Cascio, W., & Boudreau, J. (2010). Investing in people: Financial impact of human resource initiatives. Ft Press.
  11. Chang, R. (2024). The Impact of Employees’ Health and Well-being on Job Performance. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 29, 372–378. https://doi.org/10.54097/9ft7db35
  12. Couto, V., Plansky, J., & Caglar, D. (2017). Fit for growth: a guide to strategic cost cutting, restructuring, and renewal. John Wiley & Sons.
  13. Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
  14. Edmondson, A. C., Kramer, R. M., & Cook, K. S. (2004). Psychological safety, trust, and learning in organizations: A group-level lens. Trust and Distrust in Organizations: Dilemmas and Approaches, 12(2004), 239–272.
  15. Elvira Monteiro, & James Joseph. (2023). A Review on the Impact of Workplace Culture on Employee Mental Health and Well-Being. International Journal of Case Studies in Business, IT and Education (IJCSBE), 7(2 SE-Articles), 291–317. https://doi.org/10.47992/IJCSBE.2581.6942.0274
  16. Eriksson, L., & Santesson, H. (2021). Organizational culture in a remote setting: A qualitative study on organizational culture and the effects of remote work. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1579041&dswid=-6539
  17. Ghimire, B., Dahal, R. K., Rai, B., & Upadhyay, D. (2023). Employee performance factors in the Nepalese commercial banks: Insights from emerging markets. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 10(2), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.33168/jliss.2023.0203
  18. HA, I. (2023). The Impact of Work Environment and Competence on Employee Performance. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(2 SE-Articles). https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i2.88
  19. Hijazi, H., Al-Wahshat, H., Taha, A., Wahsheh, F., Alkaraky, S., Alkhawaldeh, B., & Ahmad, A. (2024). Exploring the link between human resource management practices and financial performance: The moderating effect of organizational culture. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12(3), 1885–1902. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2024.2.014
  20. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind, 3rd McGraw Hill. New York.
  21. Humairah, K. Al, Irawan, A., Ibrahim, M. B. H., Yendra, Y., & Rasyid, A. (2023). Crafting Effective HRM Strategies for Enhancing Organizational Performance and Employee Engagement. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(3 SE-Articles), 126–136. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i3.183
  22. Huselid, M. A., Becker, B. E., & Beatty, R. W. (2005). The workforce scorecard: Managing human capital to execute strategy. Harvard Business Press.
  23. Ihemereze, K. C., Eyo-Udo, N. L., Egbokhaebho, B. A., Daraojimba, C., Ikwue, U., & Nwankwo, E. E. (2023). Impact of monetary incentives on employee performance in the Nigerian automotive sector: a case study. International Journal of Advanced Economics, 5(7), 162–186. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v5i7.548
  24. Ilavarasi, I. (2024). Enhancing Workplace Productivity: A Review of Effective Communication Techniques and Their Role in Fostering Team Collaboration and Conflict Resolution. International Journal for Multidimensional Research Perspectives, 2(4), 33–45. https://doi.org/10.61877/ijmrp.v2i4.132
  25. Jain, A., Leka, S., & Zwetsloot, G. I. (2018). Managing health, safety and well-being. A. Jain, S. Leka, & G. Zwetsloot, Managing Health, Safety and Well-Being. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1261-1
  26. Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., & Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1264–1294.
  27. Jumady, E. (2023). The Role of Organizational Culture, Work Environment and Motivation in Improving Employee Performance. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(1 SE-Articles), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i1.40
  28. Kaplan, R. S., & Cooper, R. (1998). Cost & effect: using integrated cost systems to drive profitability and performance. Harvard Business Press.
  29. Kassa, A. G., & Tsigu, G. T. (2022). Corporate entrepreneurship, employee engagement and innovation: a resource-basedview and a social exchange theory perspective. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(6), 1694–1711. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-05-2020-2172
  30. Kerdpitak, C., & Boonrattanakittibhumi, C. (2020). Effect Of Strategic Orientation And Organizational Culture On Firm’s Performance. Role Of Organizational Commitments. Journal of Security & Sustainability Issues, 9. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2020.9.J(6)
  31. Kotter, J. P., & Heskett, J. L. (2008). Corporate culture and performance. Simon and Schuster.
  32. Kumari, G., Kumari, J., & Pandey, K. M. (2022). The Impact of Job Satisfaction Level on Employee Work Performance in the Pharmaceutical Industry: An Empirical Study BT - Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Vision and Computing (ICIVC 2021) (H. Sharma, V. K. Vyas, R. K. Pandey, & M. Prasad (eds.); pp. 281–298). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97196-0_23
  33. Langer, J. (2021). The impact of the physical office environment on occupant wellbeing. Cardiff University.
  34. Lase, L. P. D., Telaumbanua, A., & Harefa, A. R. (2022). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Pendekatan Rasio Profitabilitas. Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen Dan Ekonomi, 1(2), 254–260. https://doi.org/10.56248/jamane.v1i2.37
  35. Lestari, S. D., Muhdaliha, E., Firdaus, P. M., Suhendra, E. S., & Brabo, N. A. (2024). Financial Literacy at Work: Enhancing Organizational Performance through Employee Training Investments. Atestasi : Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 7(2 SE-Articles), 721–741. https://doi.org/10.57178/atestasi.v7i2.865
  36. Liang, W., Nguyen, D. N., Tran, Q.-N., & Truong, Q.-T. (2023). Employee welfare and firm financial performance revisited. Managerial Finance, 49(2), 248–269. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-02-2022-0095
  37. Lin, D., Tang, X., Li, H., & He, G. (2023). An empirical research on employee welfare and internal control quality. PLoS One, 18(8), e0290009. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290009
  38. Madden, L., Mathias, B. D., & Madden, T. M. (2015). In good company: The impact of perceived organizational support and positive relationships at work on turnover intentions. Management Research Review, 38(3), 242–263. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2013-0228
  39. Marlapa, E., Yuliantini, T., Junaedi, J., Kusuma, M., Shahnia, C., & Endri, E. (2024). Determinants of sustainable performance: The mediating role of organizational culture. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12(2), 1031–1040. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2023.12.005
  40. Martin, J. (2001). Organizational culture: Mapping the terrain. Sage publications.
  41. Martínez-Falcó, J., Sánchez-García, E., Marco-Lajara, B., & Millán-Tudela, L. A. (2024). Enhancing employee wellbeing and happiness management in the wine industry: unveiling the role of green human resource management. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 203. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01703-y
  42. Masood, H., & Siddiqui, D. A. (2020). How Ethical Leadership Limits Organizational Deviance, and Promotes Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Mediatory Role of Affective Commitment Complemented by Ethical Conviction and Reputation for Performance. Available at SSRN 3757448. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3757448
  43. Michaelsen, M. M., & Esch, T. (2023). Understanding health behavior change by motivation and reward mechanisms: a review of the literature. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 17, 1151918. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1151918
  44. Neacșu, M., & Georgescu, I. E. (2023). Financial Performance-Organizational Sustainability Relationship. Literature Review. Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, 70(SI), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2023-0016
  45. O’Malley, M. (2000). Creating commitment: How to attract and retain talented employees by building relationships that last. John Wiley & Sons.
  46. Olayinka, A. A. (2022). Financial statement analysis as a tool for investment decisions and assessment of companies’ performance. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 4(1), 49–66. https://doi.org/10.35912/ijfam.v4i1.852
  47. Owuori, K. B. (2024). An Assessment Of Employee Welfare Programs And Performance Of Staff In Public Universities In Kenya A Case Study Of Staff At The Faculty Of Health Sciences, University Of Nairobi. Kisii University. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5667
  48. Peña, I., Andrade, S. M., María Muñoz, R., & Barba-Sánchez, V. (2024). Wellness Programs, Perceived Organizational Support, and Their Influence on Organizational Performance: An Analysis Within the Framework of Sustainable Human Resource Management. SAGE Open, 14(1), 21582440241229360. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241229358
  49. Pereira, L., Costa, R. L. Da, Martins, L., Rodrigues, A., & Gonçalves, R. (2020). Effect of Organizational Culture on Organizational Performance. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 1(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijpqm.2020.10032115
  50. Poi, G. (2020). Employee Welfare packages and the performance of public organizations in Rivers State, Nigeria. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, 8(2), 58–79. https://www.idpublications.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Full-Paper-EMPLOYEE-WELFARE PACKAGES-AND-THE-PERFORMANCE-OF-PUBLIC-ORGANIZATIONS-IN-RIVERS-STATE-NIGERIA.pdf
  51. Qian, C., Crilly, D., Lin, Y., Zhang, K., & Zhang, R. (2023). Short-selling pressure and workplace safety: curbing short-termism through stakeholder interdependencies. Organization Science, 34(1), 358–379. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1576
  52. Reino, A., Rõigas, K., & Müürsepp, M. (2020). Connections between organisational culture and financial performance in Estonian service and production companies. Baltic Journal of Management, 15(3), 375–393. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-01-2019-0017
  53. Rinkineva, S. (2024). Improving the employer image of public sector organizations-Attracting technical and business talent to public employment. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202403172729
  54. Roos, M., Reale, J., & Banning, F. (2021). The effects of incentives, social norms, and employees’ values on work performance. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2107.01139. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262430
  55. Saragih, S., Michael, A., & Lindawati, T. (2024). The Influence of Supervisor Support and Work Environment on Job Performance Through Employee Engagement in The Wood Production Industry in East Kalimantan. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(4 SE-Articles), 1645–1662. https://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jist/article/view/1036
  56. Sarwar, H., Ishaq, M. I., Amin, A., & Ahmed, R. (2020). Ethical leadership, work engagement, employees’ well-being, and performance: a cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(12), 2008–2026. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1788039
  57. Savić, B., Jelić, S., & Ostojić, V. V. (2023). The Impact of Organizational Culture on Financial Performance of the Company. Economic Themes, 61(2), 235–248. https://doi.org/doi:10.2478/ethemes-2023-0012
  58. Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). John Wiley & Sons.
  59. Shalahuddin, S. (2023). Improving Employee Performance Through Good Organizational Culture and Work Motivation. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(1 SE-Articles), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i1.38
  60. Sularsih, H., Handayanto, A. J., & Lembo, H. N. (2023). Kinerja keuangan perusahaan: tinjuan analisis rasio likuiditas dan profitabilitas. Jurnal Paradigma Ekonomika, 18(4), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.22437/jpe.v18i4.28930
  61. Thangaraja, T., Munusamy, P., Ramya, R., Macwan, A. J., Patil-Nikam, A. M., Nalini, V., & Rai, R. (2024). The Role Of Employee Engagement In The Relationship Between Staff Morale And Employee Wellbeing Of Education. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(4), 7156–7164. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i4.2524
  62. Urme, U. N. (2023). The impact of talent management strategies on employee retention. International Journal of Science and Business, 28(1), 127–146. https://doi.org/10.58970/IJSB.2209
  63. Wahyuni, N. (2024). Applying Occupational Psychology Principles to Enhance Organizational Effectiveness. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 2(1 SE-Articles), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v2i1.208
  64. Wu, L.-F., Huang, I.-C., Huang, W.-C., & Du, P.-L. (2019). Aligning organizational culture and operations strategy to improve innovation outcomes. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 32(2), 224–250. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-03-2018-0073
  65. Yu, M.-C., Mai, Q., Tsai, S.-B., & Dai, Y. (2018). An empirical study on the organizational trust, employee-organization relationship and innovative behavior from the integrated perspective of social exchange and organizational sustainability. Sustainability, 10(3), 864. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030864