Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 35 Download : 10

Main Article Content

Abstract

Purpose: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death among infants in Indonesia and is a significant public health issue. This study aims to identify and analyze various risk factors associated with diarrhea in infants through a literature review approach.


Research Method: This study employed a literature review method with a content analysis approach, utilizing articles obtained from the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used are “Infants,” “Diarrhea,” and “Risk Factors.” Article selection was conducted systematically using the PRISMA framework, from identification through screening to eligibility assessment. Out of 208 articles obtained, 10 articles were selected that met the criteria for further analysis.


Results and Discussion: The study's results indicate that factors closely associated with the incidence of diarrhea in infants include not being exclusively breastfed, poor personal hygiene among mothers, inadequate basic sanitation facilities at home, low maternal education, maternal employment status, and limited socioeconomic conditions within the family. These factors interact with each other and increase the risk of diarrhea in young children.


Implications: These findings are significant for preventive efforts in public health, particularly in raising awareness and knowledge among parents about maintaining optimal hygiene, sanitation, and nutrition for their children.

Keywords

infant diarrhea risk factors

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Cahyani, A., Mulasari, S. A. ., & Sukesi, T. W. (2025). Risk Factors Associated with Diarrhea in Infants. Advances in Healthcare Research, 3(2), 314–331. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahr.v3i2.544
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Adani, D. F., & Azizah, R. (2022). Faktor Risiko Keluhan Diare pada Balita di Indonesia Tahun 2016-2021: Literature Review. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 5(9), 1063–1073. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v5i9.2589
  2. Afriyani, R., Suryani, L., & Harokan, A. (2024). Analysis Of The Incidence Of Diarrhea In Toddlers 0-59 Months In Community Health Centers. Cendekia Medika: Jurnal Stikes Al-Maarif Baturaja, 9(2), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.52235/cendekiamedika.v9i2.385
  3. Angelina, J. F., & Lestarisa, T. (2024). Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan dan Personal Hygiene Ibu Terhadap Diare Pada Balita di Desa Sungai Lunuk Kabupaten Murung Raya. Barigas: Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.37304/barigas.v2i1.10598
  4. Auma, B., Musinguzi, M., Ojuka, E., Kigongo, E., Tumwesigye, R., Acup, W., Kabunga, A., & Opio, B. (2024). Prevalence of diarrhea and water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) associated factors among children under five years in Lira City, Northern Uganda: Community-based study. PLoS One, 19(6), e0305054. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305054
  5. Ernawati, W., Dhamayanti, R., & Widiastini, P. M. F. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pekerjaan Ibu dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita. Jurnal Kesehatan Terapan, 10(2), 145–152. https://doi.org/10.54816/jk.v10i2.762
  6. Firmansyah, Y. W., Ramadhansyah, M. F., Fuadi, M. F., & Nurjazuli, N. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian diare pada balita: sebuah review. Bul. Keslingmas, 40(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.31983/KESLINGMAS.V40I1.6605
  7. Fitriani, N., Darmawan, A., & Puspasari, A. (2021). Analisis faktor risiko terjadinya diare pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas pakuan baru kota jambi. Medical Dedication (Medic): Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat FKIK UNJA, 4(1), 154–164. https://doi.org/10.22437/medicaldedication.v4i1.13472
  8. Haq Al Hajiri, W. H., & Pulih Asih, A. Y. (2023). REVIEW Tentang: Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Di Indonesia. Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS), 2(5). https://doi.org/10.59188/jcs.v2i5.352
  9. Hubbard, S., Wolf, J., Oza, H. H., Arnold, B. F., Freeman, M. C., & Levy, K. (2025). Differential Effectiveness of Water, Sanitation, and Handwashing Interventions to Reduce Child Diarrhea in Dry and Rainy Seasons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Trials. Environmental Health Perspectives, 133(2), 26001. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14502
  10. Iryanto, A. A., Joko, T., & Raharjo, M. (2021). Literature review: Faktor risiko kejadian diare pada balita di Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 11(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.47718/JKL.V11I1.1337
  11. Kamiludin, K. S., & Azizah, R. (2025). Implementasi Pilar Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) dengan Insiden Diare pada Balita: Kajian Literatur. Jurnal Untuk Masyarakat Sehat (JUKMAS), 9(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.52643/jukmas.v9i1.5854
  12. Komala, S., Marlina, Y., Hayati, A., & Humaroh, Y. (2023). The Relationship between MP-ASI Sanitation Hygiene and Mother’s Personal Hygiene with the Incidence of Diarrhea in Toddlers. INCH : Journal of Infant and Child Healthcare, 2(1 SE-Articles). https://doi.org/10.36929/inch.v2i1.672
  13. Kombat, M. Y., & Kushitor, S. B. (2025). Trends and determinants of childhood diarrhea in Ghana: evidence from the Ghana demographic and health survey (1988–2022). Discover Public Health, 22(1), 340. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00737-w
  14. Kwaitota, L., & Leutualy, V. (2024). Literature Review; Faktor Prediktor Diare pada Bayi Bawah Lima Tahun. MOLUCCAS HEALTH JOURNAL, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.54639/mhj.v6i1.1223
  15. Meisenheimer, E. S., Epstein, C., & Thiel, D. (2022). Acute diarrhea in adults. American Family Physician, 106(1), 72–80.
  16. Mohamed Ahmed, S. O., Ashgar, R. I., Mohammed Abdelgader, A. A., Abdalla Hamid, H. I., Mathkor, D. M., Abdelsadig Ali, M. A., Mousa Mohmed, S. A., Ali Farg, S. J., Mohamed Ebrahim, R. A., Mustafa Gabir Tia, M., Humza Bashir, W. A., & Ali Hazazi, Z. H. (2023). Exclusive breastfeeding: Impact on infant health. Clinical Nutrition Open Science, 51, 44–51. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutos.2023.08.003
  17. Njenga, V. N., Ngari, C. G., Nduku, W. M., & Luboobi, L. S. (2024). Modelling the Impact of Hygiene and Treatment on the Dynamics of Childhood Diarrhea in Nairobi County, Kenya. International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, 2024(1), 3336826. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3336826
  18. Pramuja, R. A., & Candrasari, A. (2024). Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan Dan Sosial Ekonomi Dengan Kejadian Diare. Prepotif: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 8(1), 1255–1265.
  19. Rego, R., Watson, S., Gill, P., & Lilford, R. (2022). The impact of diarrhoea measurement methods for under 5s in low‐and middle‐income countries on estimated diarrhoea rates at the population level: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of methodological and primary empirical studies. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 27(4), 347–368. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13739
  20. Rhue, S. J., Torrico, G., Amuzie, C., Collins, S. M., Lemaitre, A., Workman, C. L., Rosinger, A. Y., Pearson, A. L., Piperata, B. A., & Wutich, A. (2023). The effects of household water insecurity on child health and well‐being. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 10(6), e1666. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1666
  21. Riyanto, A. (2023). Sanitasi Dasar Rumah tidak Memenuhi Syarat Pemicu Diare pada Balita di Banjaran Kabupaten Bandung. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 6(2), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v6i2.3275
  22. Rizqiyah Kurniawati, M., & Astutik, E. (2023). Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Diarrhea Among Children Under Five Years in Indonesia. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 11(2), 170–179. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v11i22023.170-179
  23. Satty, A., Salih, M., Abdalla, F. A., A. Mahmoud, A. F., Gumma, E. A. E., Saad Mohamed Khamis, G., Adam, A. M. A., Hassaballa, A. A., Hamed, O. M. A., & M. S. Mohammed, Z. (2024). Statistical Analysis of Factors Associated with Diarrhea in Yemeni Children under Five: Insights from the 2022–2023 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 14(3), 1043–1051. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-024-00253-1
  24. Soe, T. K., Laohasiriwong, W., Sornlorm, K., & Mahato, R. K. (2024). Hygiene practice and diarrhea prevalence among underfive children in Myanmar: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics, 24(1), 675. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-05158-3
  25. Suyanto, M. (2024). Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Dengan Diare Pada Balita di Puskesmas Kesugihan I. NERSMID: Jurnal Keperawatan Dan Kebidanan, 7(2), 157–167. https://doi.org/10.55173/nersmid.v7i2.182
  26. Ulpa, Z. R., Kulsum, K., & Salawati, L. (2018). Hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dan pendapatan orang tua dengan status gizi anak SDN 02 Labuhan Haji. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Biomedis, 3(1). Utami, R. A., Setiawan, A., & Fitriyani, P. (2019). Identifying causal risk factors for stunting in children under five years of age in South Jakarta, Indonesia. Enfermería Clínica, 29, 606–611. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.093
  27. Wolf, J., Hubbard, S., Brauer, M., Ambelu, A., Arnold, B. F., Bain, R., Bauza, V., Brown, J., Caruso, B. A., & Clasen, T. (2022). Effectiveness of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and handwashing with soap on risk of diarrhoeal disease in children in low-income and middle-income settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 400(10345), 48–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00937-0
  28. Zain, Z. (2025). Faktor Hubungan Kondisi Sanitasi Dengan Kejadian Diare : Literature Review. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 6(1), 887–896. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i1.42112