Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose— This study examines the effects of Work-Life Balance and Work Engagement on teacher Performance, with Job Satisfaction as a mediating variable, among public junior high school teachers in Purbalingga District.
Research Methodology— A quantitative explanatory design was employed. The population comprised 187 teachers, from which 132 respondents were selected using the Slovin formula and purposive sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire administered through Google Forms and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4.
Results— Work-Life Balance and Work Engagement have positive and significant effects on both Performance and Job Satisfaction. Job Satisfaction also positively and significantly affects Performance and partially mediates the effects of Work-Life Balance and Work Engagement on Performance.
Research limitations/Implications— The findings support Conservation of Resources (COR) and Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) theories. Practically, schools should develop policies that promote work-life balance, engagement, and job satisfaction to enhance teacher performance. Future studies may examine broader educational settings and additional organizational factors.
Originality— This study integrates COR and JD-R perspectives to explain how Work-Life Balance and Work Engagement influence teacher Performance both directly and indirectly through Job Satisfaction in the public-school context.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
- Abdulaziz, A., Bashir, M., & Alfalih, A. A. (2022). The Impact of Work-Life Balance and Work Overload on Teacher’s Organizational Commitment: Do Job Engagement and Perceived Organizational Support Matter. Education and Information Technologies, 27(7), 9641–9663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11013-8
- Aesa, & Mulyana, O. P. (2026). The Role of Work Motivation in the Relationship Between Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction in Retail Workforce. Journal of Educational Management Research, 5(2), 1382–1391. https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v5i2.1886
- Ahiri, J., Dunifa, L., Ramly, M. I., & Ahiri, Y. (2023). The Effect of Job Satisfaction on Teachers’ Performance: A Survey with Elementary School Teachers In Kendari City, Indonesia. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 11(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijeld.2013/vol11n17181
- Ahmaddien, I. (2024). Effect of work-life balance on employee performance mediated by job satisfaction. Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika, 8(1).
- Anggraheni, M. D., Sudibjo, N., & Harsanti, H. R. (2025). The Role of Meaningful Work, Work Engagement, and Strength Use In Enhancing Teachers’ Job Performance: A Case of Indonesian Teachers. Open Education Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/edu-2025-0078
- Ariani Wulansari, N., Harsono, M., & Unnes Kampus Sekaran, F. (2022). Work-Life Balance: Conceptualization, Antecedents and Consequences. Article Information. Management Analysis Journal. http://maj.unnes.ac.id
- Bakker, A. B., & Albrecht, S. (2018). Work Engagement: Current Trends. In Career Development International (Vol. 23, Issue 1, Pp. 4–11). Emerald Group Holdings Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/cdi-11-2017-0207
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands‐Resources Model: State of The Art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Taking Stock and Looking Forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
- Bangun, Y. R., Pritasari, A., Widjaja, F. B., Wirawan, C., Wisesa, A., & Ginting, H. (2021). Role Of Happiness: Mediating Digital Technology and Job Performance Among Lecturers. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.593155
- Barada, R., Potts, A., Bourassa, A., Contreras-Urbina, M., & Nasr, K. (2021). “I Go Up to The Edge of The Valley, And I Talk To God”: Using Mixed Methods to Understand the Relationship Between Gender-Based Violence and Mental Health Among Lebanese and Syrian Refugee Women Engaged in Psychosocial Programming. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094500
- Bataineh, K. Adnan. (2019). Impact Of Work-Life Balance, Happiness at Work, On Employee Performance. International Business Research, 12(2), 99. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n2p99
- Burhan, I., Masud, M., & Nurpadillah, N. (2026). The Effect of Work-Life Balance and Work Engagement on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction As An Intervening Variable. Jurnal Pabean, 8(1), 1–13.
- Cahyani, A., & Ubaidillah, H. (2024). Work Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Motivation on Teacher Performance. Academia Open, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.8.2023.4377
- Cheng, L. (2024). A Review of Research on Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration, 3(3), 431–435. https://doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v3n3.54
- Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. In Advances in Hospitality and Leisure.
- Darmawan, I. M., Riana, I. G., Dewi, I. G. A. M., & Putra, M. S. (2024). Determinants Of Work Engagement In The Public Sector: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda. Journal Of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 37(6), 403–424. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2024/v37i61354
- Du, W., Liang, R., Zhang, J., & Wang, L. (2023). Factors Influencing Teachers’ Satisfaction and Performance with Online Teaching in Universities During COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1120662
- F. Hair Jr, J., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & G. Kuppelwieser, V. (2014). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-10-2013-0128
- Fernández-Sánchez, M. R., Garrido-Arroyo, M. Del C., & Porras-Masero, I. (2022). Curricular Integration of Digital Technologies in Teaching Processes. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1005499
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal Of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
- Garrido-Hernansaiz, H. (2022). The Use of Online Social Media for The Recruitment of People Living with HIV In Spain and Latin America: Lessons from Two Studies. Health And Social Care in the Community, 30(6), E4065–E4073. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13799
- Guan, Y., Deng, H., & Zhou, X. (2020). Understanding The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Career Development: Insights from Cultural Psychology. In Journal of Vocational Behavior (Vol. 119). Academic Press Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103438
- Hair, J. F., H. G. T. M., R. C. M., & S. M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd Ed.). Sage Publications.
- Hardy, I., Meschede, N., & Mannel, S. (2022). Measuring Adaptive Teaching In Classroom Discourse: Effects on Student Learning in Elementary Science Education. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1041316
- Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A New Criterion for Assessing Discriminant Validity In Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. Journal Of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
- Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation Of Resources: A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513
- Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J.-P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation Of Resources in the Organizational Context: The Reality of Resources and Their Consequences. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
- Imawan, I., Lesmana, M. T., & Muslih, M. (2024). Work-life balance, work engagement and employee performance: An examining the mediating role of job satisfaction. International Journal of Business Economics (IJBE), 5(2), 166-186. https://doi.org/10.30596/ijbe.v5i2.18210
- Johler, M., Krumsvik, R. J., Bugge, H. E., & Helgevold, N. (2022). Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Role and Classroom Management Practices in A Technology Rich Primary School Classroom. Frontiers In Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.841385
- Kakar, A. S., Kruger, N., Durrani, D. K., Khan, M. A., & Meyer, N. (2022). Work-Life Balance Practices and Organizational Cynicism: The Mediating Role of Person-Job Fit. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.979666
- Kerksieck, P., Brauchli, R., De Bloom, J., Shimazu, A., Kujanpää, M., Lanz, M., & Bauer, G. F. (2022). Crafting Work-Nonwork Balance Involving Life Domain Boundaries: Development and Validation of A Novel Scale Across Five Countries. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.892120
- Lousã, E. P., Alves, M. P., & Koopmans, L. (2024). Adaptation And Validation of The Individual Work Performance Questionnaire into A Portuguese Version. Administrative Sciences, 14(7). Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Admsci14070150
- Ma, Y. (2023). Boosting Teacher Work Engagement: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital Through Emotion Regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240943
- Merikko, J., & Kivimäki, V. (2022). “Replacing teachers? Doubt it.” Practitioners' views on adaptive learning technologies' impact on the teaching profession. In Frontiers in education (Vol. 7, p. 1010255). Frontiers Media SA.
- Merikko, J., & Kivimäki, V. (2022). “Replacing Teachers? Doubt It.” Practitioners’ Views on Adaptive Learning Technologies’ Impact on The Teaching Profession. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1010255
- Merino-Soto, C., Lozano-Huamán, M., Lima-Mendoza, S., De La Cruz, G. C., Juárez-García, A., & Toledano-Toledano, F. (2022). Ultrashort Version of The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-3): A Psychometric Assessment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020890
- Mulyani, H., & Kartadiharja, R. O. (2023). Hubungan Work Engagement Dengan Kinerja Guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri. Jurnal Isema: Islamic Educational Management, 8(2), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.15575/isema.v8i2.29731
- Nurfaijah, P. D., & Gumilar, D. (2024). The effect of job satisfaction and physical work environment on teacher performance of SMK Angkasa Lanud Husein Sastranegara Bandung. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 5(2), 233-241. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v5i2
- Parveen, K., Quang Bao Tran, P., Kumar, T., & Shah, A. H. (2022). Impact of Principal Leadership Styles on Teacher Job Performance: An Empirical Investigation. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.814159
- Pratiwi, J. A., & Fatoni, F. (2023). Pengaruh employee engagement dan work life balance terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui kepuasan kerja. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 432-444.
- Raralio, J. S. (2023). Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Teaching Performance of Elementary Teachers in the New Normal. AIDE Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2(1), 220–241. https://doi.org/10.56648/aide-irj.v2i1.32
- Solihin, D., Pamulang, U., & Selatan, T. (N.D.). The Influence of Work-Life Balance and Employee Engagement on Performance Through Job Satisfaction. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v20i1.70925
- Susanto, P., Hoque, M. E., Jannat, T., Emely, B., Zona, M. A., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, And Job Performance of SMEs Employees: The Moderating Role of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. Https://Doi.Org/10.3389/Fpsyg.2022.906876
- Sutanto, E. M., Sigiols, P. J., & Wijaya, E. N. (2024). Work-Life Balance, Employee Engagement, Job Satisfaction, And Indonesian Employees’ Performance. International Journal of Business and Society, 25(3), 832–851. https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.8355.2024
- Wang, H., Xu, T., & Li, F. (2021). A Novel Emergency Evacuation Model of Subway Station Passengers Considering Personality Traits. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810463
- Wartenberg, G., Aldrup, K., Grund, S., & Klusmann, U. (2023). Satisfied And High Performing? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of The Correlates of Teachers’ Job Satisfaction. Educational Psychology Review, 35(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09831-4
- Wong, K., Chan, A. H. S., & Teh, P. L. (2020). How Is Work–Life Balance Arrangement Associated with Organisational Performance? A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124446
- Wulandari, M., & Hadi, H. K. (2021). Peran job satisfaction Sebagai variabel intervening Antara work life balance Terhadap employee performance. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(2), 816.
- Wulansari, S. (2025). The Effect of Competence and Compensation on Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable. Jurnal Manajemen, 16(3), 679–695. https://doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.v16i2.19721
- Xu, Y., & Zhang, M. (2022). The Study of the Impact of Empowering Leadership on Adaptive Performance of Faculties Based on Chain Mediating. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938951
- Yusnita, N., Gursida, H., & Herlina, E. (2022). The Role of Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Economia, 18(1), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.40236
- Zang, L., & Feng, Y. (2023). Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement In Chinese Kindergarten Teachers: Vocational Delay of Gratification as A Mediator. Frontiers In Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1114519
References
Abdulaziz, A., Bashir, M., & Alfalih, A. A. (2022). The Impact of Work-Life Balance and Work Overload on Teacher’s Organizational Commitment: Do Job Engagement and Perceived Organizational Support Matter. Education and Information Technologies, 27(7), 9641–9663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11013-8
Aesa, & Mulyana, O. P. (2026). The Role of Work Motivation in the Relationship Between Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction in Retail Workforce. Journal of Educational Management Research, 5(2), 1382–1391. https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v5i2.1886
Ahiri, J., Dunifa, L., Ramly, M. I., & Ahiri, Y. (2023). The Effect of Job Satisfaction on Teachers’ Performance: A Survey with Elementary School Teachers In Kendari City, Indonesia. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 11(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijeld.2013/vol11n17181
Ahmaddien, I. (2024). Effect of work-life balance on employee performance mediated by job satisfaction. Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika, 8(1).
Anggraheni, M. D., Sudibjo, N., & Harsanti, H. R. (2025). The Role of Meaningful Work, Work Engagement, and Strength Use In Enhancing Teachers’ Job Performance: A Case of Indonesian Teachers. Open Education Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/edu-2025-0078
Ariani Wulansari, N., Harsono, M., & Unnes Kampus Sekaran, F. (2022). Work-Life Balance: Conceptualization, Antecedents and Consequences. Article Information. Management Analysis Journal. http://maj.unnes.ac.id
Bakker, A. B., & Albrecht, S. (2018). Work Engagement: Current Trends. In Career Development International (Vol. 23, Issue 1, Pp. 4–11). Emerald Group Holdings Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/cdi-11-2017-0207
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands‐Resources Model: State of The Art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Taking Stock and Looking Forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
Bangun, Y. R., Pritasari, A., Widjaja, F. B., Wirawan, C., Wisesa, A., & Ginting, H. (2021). Role Of Happiness: Mediating Digital Technology and Job Performance Among Lecturers. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.593155
Barada, R., Potts, A., Bourassa, A., Contreras-Urbina, M., & Nasr, K. (2021). “I Go Up to The Edge of The Valley, And I Talk To God”: Using Mixed Methods to Understand the Relationship Between Gender-Based Violence and Mental Health Among Lebanese and Syrian Refugee Women Engaged in Psychosocial Programming. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094500
Bataineh, K. Adnan. (2019). Impact Of Work-Life Balance, Happiness at Work, On Employee Performance. International Business Research, 12(2), 99. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n2p99
Burhan, I., Masud, M., & Nurpadillah, N. (2026). The Effect of Work-Life Balance and Work Engagement on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction As An Intervening Variable. Jurnal Pabean, 8(1), 1–13.
Cahyani, A., & Ubaidillah, H. (2024). Work Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Motivation on Teacher Performance. Academia Open, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.8.2023.4377
Cheng, L. (2024). A Review of Research on Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration, 3(3), 431–435. https://doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v3n3.54
Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. In Advances in Hospitality and Leisure.
Darmawan, I. M., Riana, I. G., Dewi, I. G. A. M., & Putra, M. S. (2024). Determinants Of Work Engagement In The Public Sector: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda. Journal Of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 37(6), 403–424. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2024/v37i61354
Du, W., Liang, R., Zhang, J., & Wang, L. (2023). Factors Influencing Teachers’ Satisfaction and Performance with Online Teaching in Universities During COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1120662
F. Hair Jr, J., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & G. Kuppelwieser, V. (2014). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-10-2013-0128
Fernández-Sánchez, M. R., Garrido-Arroyo, M. Del C., & Porras-Masero, I. (2022). Curricular Integration of Digital Technologies in Teaching Processes. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1005499
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal Of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
Garrido-Hernansaiz, H. (2022). The Use of Online Social Media for The Recruitment of People Living with HIV In Spain and Latin America: Lessons from Two Studies. Health And Social Care in the Community, 30(6), E4065–E4073. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13799
Guan, Y., Deng, H., & Zhou, X. (2020). Understanding The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Career Development: Insights from Cultural Psychology. In Journal of Vocational Behavior (Vol. 119). Academic Press Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103438
Hair, J. F., H. G. T. M., R. C. M., & S. M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd Ed.). Sage Publications.
Hardy, I., Meschede, N., & Mannel, S. (2022). Measuring Adaptive Teaching In Classroom Discourse: Effects on Student Learning in Elementary Science Education. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1041316
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A New Criterion for Assessing Discriminant Validity In Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. Journal Of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation Of Resources: A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513
Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J.-P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation Of Resources in the Organizational Context: The Reality of Resources and Their Consequences. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
Imawan, I., Lesmana, M. T., & Muslih, M. (2024). Work-life balance, work engagement and employee performance: An examining the mediating role of job satisfaction. International Journal of Business Economics (IJBE), 5(2), 166-186. https://doi.org/10.30596/ijbe.v5i2.18210
Johler, M., Krumsvik, R. J., Bugge, H. E., & Helgevold, N. (2022). Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Role and Classroom Management Practices in A Technology Rich Primary School Classroom. Frontiers In Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.841385
Kakar, A. S., Kruger, N., Durrani, D. K., Khan, M. A., & Meyer, N. (2022). Work-Life Balance Practices and Organizational Cynicism: The Mediating Role of Person-Job Fit. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.979666
Kerksieck, P., Brauchli, R., De Bloom, J., Shimazu, A., Kujanpää, M., Lanz, M., & Bauer, G. F. (2022). Crafting Work-Nonwork Balance Involving Life Domain Boundaries: Development and Validation of A Novel Scale Across Five Countries. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.892120
Lousã, E. P., Alves, M. P., & Koopmans, L. (2024). Adaptation And Validation of The Individual Work Performance Questionnaire into A Portuguese Version. Administrative Sciences, 14(7). Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Admsci14070150
Ma, Y. (2023). Boosting Teacher Work Engagement: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital Through Emotion Regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240943
Merikko, J., & Kivimäki, V. (2022). “Replacing teachers? Doubt it.” Practitioners' views on adaptive learning technologies' impact on the teaching profession. In Frontiers in education (Vol. 7, p. 1010255). Frontiers Media SA.
Merikko, J., & Kivimäki, V. (2022). “Replacing Teachers? Doubt It.” Practitioners’ Views on Adaptive Learning Technologies’ Impact on The Teaching Profession. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1010255
Merino-Soto, C., Lozano-Huamán, M., Lima-Mendoza, S., De La Cruz, G. C., Juárez-García, A., & Toledano-Toledano, F. (2022). Ultrashort Version of The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-3): A Psychometric Assessment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020890
Mulyani, H., & Kartadiharja, R. O. (2023). Hubungan Work Engagement Dengan Kinerja Guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri. Jurnal Isema: Islamic Educational Management, 8(2), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.15575/isema.v8i2.29731
Nurfaijah, P. D., & Gumilar, D. (2024). The effect of job satisfaction and physical work environment on teacher performance of SMK Angkasa Lanud Husein Sastranegara Bandung. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 5(2), 233-241. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v5i2
Parveen, K., Quang Bao Tran, P., Kumar, T., & Shah, A. H. (2022). Impact of Principal Leadership Styles on Teacher Job Performance: An Empirical Investigation. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.814159
Pratiwi, J. A., & Fatoni, F. (2023). Pengaruh employee engagement dan work life balance terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui kepuasan kerja. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 432-444.
Raralio, J. S. (2023). Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Teaching Performance of Elementary Teachers in the New Normal. AIDE Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2(1), 220–241. https://doi.org/10.56648/aide-irj.v2i1.32
Solihin, D., Pamulang, U., & Selatan, T. (N.D.). The Influence of Work-Life Balance and Employee Engagement on Performance Through Job Satisfaction. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v20i1.70925
Susanto, P., Hoque, M. E., Jannat, T., Emely, B., Zona, M. A., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, And Job Performance of SMEs Employees: The Moderating Role of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. Https://Doi.Org/10.3389/Fpsyg.2022.906876
Sutanto, E. M., Sigiols, P. J., & Wijaya, E. N. (2024). Work-Life Balance, Employee Engagement, Job Satisfaction, And Indonesian Employees’ Performance. International Journal of Business and Society, 25(3), 832–851. https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.8355.2024
Wang, H., Xu, T., & Li, F. (2021). A Novel Emergency Evacuation Model of Subway Station Passengers Considering Personality Traits. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810463
Wartenberg, G., Aldrup, K., Grund, S., & Klusmann, U. (2023). Satisfied And High Performing? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of The Correlates of Teachers’ Job Satisfaction. Educational Psychology Review, 35(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09831-4
Wong, K., Chan, A. H. S., & Teh, P. L. (2020). How Is Work–Life Balance Arrangement Associated with Organisational Performance? A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124446
Wulandari, M., & Hadi, H. K. (2021). Peran job satisfaction Sebagai variabel intervening Antara work life balance Terhadap employee performance. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(2), 816.
Wulansari, S. (2025). The Effect of Competence and Compensation on Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable. Jurnal Manajemen, 16(3), 679–695. https://doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.v16i2.19721
Xu, Y., & Zhang, M. (2022). The Study of the Impact of Empowering Leadership on Adaptive Performance of Faculties Based on Chain Mediating. Frontiers In Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938951
Yusnita, N., Gursida, H., & Herlina, E. (2022). The Role of Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Economia, 18(1), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.40236
Zang, L., & Feng, Y. (2023). Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement In Chinese Kindergarten Teachers: Vocational Delay of Gratification as A Mediator. Frontiers In Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1114519