Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates long-term financing companies' challenges in sustaining business expansion and innovation. It aims to identify the barriers to accessing sustainable funding, analyze their implications for innovation, and propose strategies to address these constraints across various sectors.
Research Design and Methodology: The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to analyze existing studies and synthesize findings from diverse industries, including technology, manufacturing, and clean energy. Theoretical frameworks such as Agency Theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV) guide the interpretation of findings, focusing on regulatory and market dynamics, corporate strategies, and innovation processes.
Findings and Discussion: The study reveals key barriers, including regulatory rigidity, market volatility, and limited access to capital markets, which create significant imbalances between corporate financing needs and market preferences. These constraints hinder companies from pursuing long-term investments, particularly in R&D and technology development, affecting their capacity for sustained innovation. Strategies such as funding diversification, financial risk management, and cross-sector collaborations emerge as effective solutions. The interplay between regulatory frameworks and market mechanisms is highlighted as a challenge and an opportunity to enhance financing accessibility.
Implications: The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and corporate managers. Policymakers are encouraged to design regulatory frameworks and incentives that align with market needs, while businesses are advised to adopt innovative financial strategies and foster collaborative ecosystems. The study contributes to the theoretical discourse on financing and innovation and provides practical recommendations for promoting sustainable business growth.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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- Altman, E. I., Hotchkiss, E., & Wang, W. (2019). Corporate financial distress, restructuring, and bankruptcy: analyze leveraged finance, distressed debt, and bankruptcy. John Wiley & Sons.
- Arner, D. W. (2007). Financial stability, economic growth, and the role of law. Cambridge University Press.
- Arza, V., & López, E. (2021). Obstacles affecting innovation in small and medium enterprises: Quantitative analysis of the Argentinean manufacturing sector. Research Policy, 50(9), 104324. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104324
- Askarany, D., Parsaei, M., & Ghanbari, N. (2024). Business Strategy, Short-Term Debt, and Cost Stickiness. Computational Economics, 64(3), 1913–1936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-024-10649-7
- Ayalew, M. M., & Xianzhi, Z. (2020). The effect of financial constraints on innovation in developing countries. Asian Review of Accounting, 28(3), 273–308. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-02-2019-0036
- Bammens, Y., Hünermund, P., & Andries, P. (2022). Pursuing gains or avoiding losses: The contingent effect of transgenerational intentions on innovation investments. Journal of Management Studies, 59(6), 1493–1530. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.1278710.1111/joms.1278710.1111/joms.12787
- Basdekis, C., Christopoulos, A. G., Katsampoxakis, I., & Xanthopoulos, S. (2024). Trends and Challenges after the Impact of COVID-19 and the Energy Crisis on Financial Markets. Energies, 17(15), 3857. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17153857
- Belaïd, F., Al-Sarihi, A., & Al-Mestneer, R. (2023). Balancing climate mitigation and energy security goals amid converging global energy crises: The role of green investments. Renewable Energy, 205, 534–542. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.01.083
- Bonaime, A., Gulen, H., & Ion, M. (2018). Does policy uncertainty affect mergers and acquisitions? Journal of Financial Economics, 129(3), 531–558. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.05.007
- Chiappini, R., Montmartin, B., Pommet, S., & Demaria, S. (2022). Can direct innovation subsidies relax SMEs’ financial constraints? Research Policy, 51(5), 104493. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104493
- Fan, J., & Zhou, Y. (2023). Empirical analysis of financing efficiency and constraints effects on the green innovation of green supply chain enterprises: A case study of China. Sustainability, 15(6), 5300. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065300
- Flammer, C., Hong, B., & Minor, D. (2019). Corporate governance and the rise of integrating corporate social responsibility criteria in executive compensation: Effectiveness and implications for firm outcomes. Strategic Management Journal, 40(7), 1097–1122. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3018
- García‐Sánchez, I., Martínez‐Ferrero, J., & Garcia‐Benau, M. (2019). Integrated reporting: The mediating role of the board of directors and investor protection on managerial discretion in munificent environments. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(1), 29–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1655
- González-Ruiz, J. D., Botero-Botero, S., & Duque-Grisales, E. (2018). Financial eco-innovation as a mechanism for fostering the development of sustainable infrastructure systems. Sustainability, 10(12), 4463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124463
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- Harrigan, K. R. (1985). Strategic flexibility: A management guide for changing times. Simon and Schuster.
- Hendrawan, S. A., Chatra, A., Iman, N., Hidayatullah, S., & Suprayitno, D. (2024). Digital transformation in MSMEs: Challenges and opportunities in technology management. Jurnal Informasi Dan Teknologi, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.60083/jidt.v6i2.551
- Hossain, M., & Anees-ur-Rehman, M. (2016). Open innovation: an analysis of twelve years of research. Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal, 9(1), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.1108/SO-09-2015-0022
- In, S. Y., Monk, A. H. B., & Knox-Hayes, J. (2020). Financing energy innovation: The need for new intermediaries in clean energy. Sustainability, 12(24), 10440. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410440
- Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1979). Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure BT - Economics Social Institutions: Insights from the Conferences on Analysis & Ideology (K. Brunner (ed.); pp. 163–231). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9257-3_8
- Jeong, H., Shin, K., Kim, E., & Kim, S. (2020). Does Open Innovation Enhance a Large Firm’s Financial Sustainability? A Case of the Korean Food Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 101. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040101
- Li, M., & Lin, B. (2024). Clean energy business expansion and financing availability: The role of government and market. Energy Policy, 191, 114183. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114183
- Lyu, X., Liu, C., & Ji, L. (2024). Long-term credit and green innovation: causal evidence from China. Applied Economics Letters, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2024.2369223
- Moncada-Paternò-Castello, P. (2022). Top R&D investors, structural change and the R&D growth performance of young and old firms. Eurasian Business Review, 12(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-022-00206-3
- Ogunyemi, F. M., & Ishola, A. O. (2024). Global competitiveness and environmental sustainability: financing and business development strategies for US SMEs. Int J Manag Entrep Res, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i11.1720
- Ortiz‐de‐Mandojana, N., Aguilera‐Caracuel, J., & Morales‐Raya, M. (2016). Corporate governance and environmental sustainability: The moderating role of the national institutional context. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 23(3), 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1367
- Pu, G., Qamruzzaman, M. D., Mehta, A. M., Naqvi, F. N., & Karim, S. (2021). Innovative finance, technological adaptation and SMEs sustainability: the mediating role of government support during COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 13(16), 9218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169218
- Rammer, C., Czarnitzki, D., & Spielkamp, A. (2009). Innovation success of non-R&D-performers: substituting technology by management in SMEs. Small Business Economics, 33(1), 35–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9185-7
- Razaghi, M., Nikoomaram, H., Heidarzadeh Hanzaei, A., Madanchi Zaj, M., & Ghaffari, F. (2023). Providing an operational technique for hedging interest rate risk with debt issues in Iran. International Journal of Finance & Managerial Accounting, 8(30), 377–394. https://doi.org/10.30495/ijfma.2023.70989.1952
- Santos, A., & Cincera, M. (2022). Determinants of financing constraints. Small Business Economics, 58(3), 1427–1439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-021-00449-w
- Sen, S., & Ganguly, S. (2017). Opportunities, barriers and issues with renewable energy development – A discussion. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 1170–1181. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.137
- Sierra, J. (2020). How financial systems and firm strategy impact the choice of innovation funding. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(2), 251–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-07-2018-0147
- Sommer, C. (2024). The Impact of Long-Term Finance on Job Quality, Investments and Firm Performance: Cross-Country Evidence. The European Journal of Development Research, 36(4), 747–776.
- Usman, M., & Vanhaverbeke, W. (2017). How start-ups successfully organize and manage open innovation with large companies. European Journal of Innovation Management, 20(1), 171–186. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-07-2016-0066
- Vasileiou, E., Georgantzis, N., Attanasi, G., & Llerena, P. (2022). Green innovation and financial performance: A study on Italian firms. Research Policy, 51(6), 104530. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104530
- Walter, C. E., Au-Yong-Oliveira, M., Miranda Veloso, C., & Polónia, D. F. (2022). R&D tax incentives and innovation: unveiling the mechanisms behind innovation capacity. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 19(3), 367–388. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAMR-06-2021-0194
- Wang, C., Deng, X., Wang, D., & Pan, X. (2024). Financial regulation, financing constraints, and enterprise innovation performance. International Review of Financial Analysis, 95, 103387. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103387
- Wenjuan, S., & Zhao, K. (2023). Balancing fiscal expenditure competition and long-term innovation investment: Exploring trade-offs and policy implications for local governments. Plos One, 18(11), e0293158. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293158
- Xu, X. L., Shen, T., Zhang, X., & Chen, H. H. (2020). The role of innovation investment and executive incentive on financial sustainability in tech-capital-labor intensive energy company: Moderate effect. Energy Reports, 6, 2667–2675. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.09.011
- Yaron, J., Benjamin, M. P., & Piprek, G. L. (1997). Rural finance: Issues, design, and best practices (Vol. 14). World Bank Washington, DC.
- Zhu, X., & Kim, J. (2023). Financial Development and Innovation: The Role of Market Structure. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmcb.13125
References
Adams, K., Attah-Boakye, R., Yu, H., Johansson, J., & Njoya, E. T. (2023). Female board representation and coupled open innovation: Evidence from emerging market multinational enterprises. Technovation, 124, 102749. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2023.102749
Ali, S., Muhammad, H., & Migliori, S. (2024). R&D investment and SMEs performance: the role of capital structure decisions. EuroMed Journal of Business, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0311
Altman, E. I., Hotchkiss, E., & Wang, W. (2019). Corporate financial distress, restructuring, and bankruptcy: analyze leveraged finance, distressed debt, and bankruptcy. John Wiley & Sons.
Arner, D. W. (2007). Financial stability, economic growth, and the role of law. Cambridge University Press.
Arza, V., & López, E. (2021). Obstacles affecting innovation in small and medium enterprises: Quantitative analysis of the Argentinean manufacturing sector. Research Policy, 50(9), 104324. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104324
Askarany, D., Parsaei, M., & Ghanbari, N. (2024). Business Strategy, Short-Term Debt, and Cost Stickiness. Computational Economics, 64(3), 1913–1936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-024-10649-7
Ayalew, M. M., & Xianzhi, Z. (2020). The effect of financial constraints on innovation in developing countries. Asian Review of Accounting, 28(3), 273–308. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-02-2019-0036
Bammens, Y., Hünermund, P., & Andries, P. (2022). Pursuing gains or avoiding losses: The contingent effect of transgenerational intentions on innovation investments. Journal of Management Studies, 59(6), 1493–1530. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.1278710.1111/joms.1278710.1111/joms.12787
Basdekis, C., Christopoulos, A. G., Katsampoxakis, I., & Xanthopoulos, S. (2024). Trends and Challenges after the Impact of COVID-19 and the Energy Crisis on Financial Markets. Energies, 17(15), 3857. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17153857
Belaïd, F., Al-Sarihi, A., & Al-Mestneer, R. (2023). Balancing climate mitigation and energy security goals amid converging global energy crises: The role of green investments. Renewable Energy, 205, 534–542. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.01.083
Bonaime, A., Gulen, H., & Ion, M. (2018). Does policy uncertainty affect mergers and acquisitions? Journal of Financial Economics, 129(3), 531–558. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.05.007
Chiappini, R., Montmartin, B., Pommet, S., & Demaria, S. (2022). Can direct innovation subsidies relax SMEs’ financial constraints? Research Policy, 51(5), 104493. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104493
Fan, J., & Zhou, Y. (2023). Empirical analysis of financing efficiency and constraints effects on the green innovation of green supply chain enterprises: A case study of China. Sustainability, 15(6), 5300. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065300
Flammer, C., Hong, B., & Minor, D. (2019). Corporate governance and the rise of integrating corporate social responsibility criteria in executive compensation: Effectiveness and implications for firm outcomes. Strategic Management Journal, 40(7), 1097–1122. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3018
García‐Sánchez, I., Martínez‐Ferrero, J., & Garcia‐Benau, M. (2019). Integrated reporting: The mediating role of the board of directors and investor protection on managerial discretion in munificent environments. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(1), 29–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1655
González-Ruiz, J. D., Botero-Botero, S., & Duque-Grisales, E. (2018). Financial eco-innovation as a mechanism for fostering the development of sustainable infrastructure systems. Sustainability, 10(12), 4463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124463
Hai, B., Yin, X., Xiong, J., & Chen, J. (2022). Could more innovation output bring better financial performance? The role of financial constraints. Financial Innovation, 8(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00309-2
Harrigan, K. R. (1985). Strategic flexibility: A management guide for changing times. Simon and Schuster.
Hendrawan, S. A., Chatra, A., Iman, N., Hidayatullah, S., & Suprayitno, D. (2024). Digital transformation in MSMEs: Challenges and opportunities in technology management. Jurnal Informasi Dan Teknologi, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.60083/jidt.v6i2.551
Hossain, M., & Anees-ur-Rehman, M. (2016). Open innovation: an analysis of twelve years of research. Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal, 9(1), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.1108/SO-09-2015-0022
In, S. Y., Monk, A. H. B., & Knox-Hayes, J. (2020). Financing energy innovation: The need for new intermediaries in clean energy. Sustainability, 12(24), 10440. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410440
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1979). Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure BT - Economics Social Institutions: Insights from the Conferences on Analysis & Ideology (K. Brunner (ed.); pp. 163–231). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9257-3_8
Jeong, H., Shin, K., Kim, E., & Kim, S. (2020). Does Open Innovation Enhance a Large Firm’s Financial Sustainability? A Case of the Korean Food Industry. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 101. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040101
Li, M., & Lin, B. (2024). Clean energy business expansion and financing availability: The role of government and market. Energy Policy, 191, 114183. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114183
Lyu, X., Liu, C., & Ji, L. (2024). Long-term credit and green innovation: causal evidence from China. Applied Economics Letters, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2024.2369223
Moncada-Paternò-Castello, P. (2022). Top R&D investors, structural change and the R&D growth performance of young and old firms. Eurasian Business Review, 12(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-022-00206-3
Ogunyemi, F. M., & Ishola, A. O. (2024). Global competitiveness and environmental sustainability: financing and business development strategies for US SMEs. Int J Manag Entrep Res, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i11.1720
Ortiz‐de‐Mandojana, N., Aguilera‐Caracuel, J., & Morales‐Raya, M. (2016). Corporate governance and environmental sustainability: The moderating role of the national institutional context. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 23(3), 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1367
Pu, G., Qamruzzaman, M. D., Mehta, A. M., Naqvi, F. N., & Karim, S. (2021). Innovative finance, technological adaptation and SMEs sustainability: the mediating role of government support during COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 13(16), 9218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169218
Rammer, C., Czarnitzki, D., & Spielkamp, A. (2009). Innovation success of non-R&D-performers: substituting technology by management in SMEs. Small Business Economics, 33(1), 35–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9185-7
Razaghi, M., Nikoomaram, H., Heidarzadeh Hanzaei, A., Madanchi Zaj, M., & Ghaffari, F. (2023). Providing an operational technique for hedging interest rate risk with debt issues in Iran. International Journal of Finance & Managerial Accounting, 8(30), 377–394. https://doi.org/10.30495/ijfma.2023.70989.1952
Santos, A., & Cincera, M. (2022). Determinants of financing constraints. Small Business Economics, 58(3), 1427–1439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-021-00449-w
Sen, S., & Ganguly, S. (2017). Opportunities, barriers and issues with renewable energy development – A discussion. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 1170–1181. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.137
Sierra, J. (2020). How financial systems and firm strategy impact the choice of innovation funding. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(2), 251–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-07-2018-0147
Sommer, C. (2024). The Impact of Long-Term Finance on Job Quality, Investments and Firm Performance: Cross-Country Evidence. The European Journal of Development Research, 36(4), 747–776.
Usman, M., & Vanhaverbeke, W. (2017). How start-ups successfully organize and manage open innovation with large companies. European Journal of Innovation Management, 20(1), 171–186. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-07-2016-0066
Vasileiou, E., Georgantzis, N., Attanasi, G., & Llerena, P. (2022). Green innovation and financial performance: A study on Italian firms. Research Policy, 51(6), 104530. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104530
Walter, C. E., Au-Yong-Oliveira, M., Miranda Veloso, C., & Polónia, D. F. (2022). R&D tax incentives and innovation: unveiling the mechanisms behind innovation capacity. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 19(3), 367–388. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAMR-06-2021-0194
Wang, C., Deng, X., Wang, D., & Pan, X. (2024). Financial regulation, financing constraints, and enterprise innovation performance. International Review of Financial Analysis, 95, 103387. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103387
Wenjuan, S., & Zhao, K. (2023). Balancing fiscal expenditure competition and long-term innovation investment: Exploring trade-offs and policy implications for local governments. Plos One, 18(11), e0293158. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293158
Xu, X. L., Shen, T., Zhang, X., & Chen, H. H. (2020). The role of innovation investment and executive incentive on financial sustainability in tech-capital-labor intensive energy company: Moderate effect. Energy Reports, 6, 2667–2675. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.09.011
Yaron, J., Benjamin, M. P., & Piprek, G. L. (1997). Rural finance: Issues, design, and best practices (Vol. 14). World Bank Washington, DC.
Zhu, X., & Kim, J. (2023). Financial Development and Innovation: The Role of Market Structure. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmcb.13125