Authorship, Contributorship and Originality

Authorship is limited to individuals who have made a substantial scholarly contribution, participated in drafting or critical revision, approved the final submitted version, and accepted accountability for the work. Ghost, guest and gift authorship are not permitted.

Every submission must accurately identify author contributions using CRediT, with corresponding-author ORCID and applicable author declarations documented on the separate Title Page & Author Information Form. Changes to the author list require justification and agreement of all affected authors; post-publication changes must be documented transparently.

Authors must confirm that the work is original, is not concurrently submitted elsewhere, properly attributes prior work, includes no fabricated or manipulated research materials, and is approved by all listed authors. Any overlapping work, publicly available earlier version or relevant prior dissemination must be disclosed for editorial assessment. A separate mandatory originality letter is not required when the Title Page includes the necessary declaration.

Plagiarism and Similarity Screening

AMAR prohibits plagiarism, unattributed copying, inappropriate text recycling, redundant publication, duplicate submission, fabricated or unverifiable citations, citation manipulation, and misrepresentation of existing research. Sources of text, data, images, tables, methods and other protected material must be accurately attributed.

A similarity score is not proof of plagiarism or a substitute for editorial judgment. Editors review the source, extent, location, context, quotation and attribution of matching passages. A score at or below 15% does not excuse plagiarism; a higher score may trigger clarification, correction or rejection depending on the evidence and journal policy.

In-text citations, references, quotations and DOI details must be accurate, complete and verifiable, following the journal's required APA 7 style.

Peer Review and Editorial Independence

Manuscripts passing initial screening normally undergo double-anonymous assessment by at least two independent reviewers. Reviewer recommendations are advisory, and the responsible academic editor evaluates the complete scholarly record before the final decision.

Editors and reviewers must disclose and manage relevant conflicts. Editorial decisions must not be influenced by ownership, financial interests, advertising, sponsorship, institutional relationships, APC payments or waiver eligibility.

Complete Peer Review Process and Reviewer Responsibilities →

Research Ethics, Conflicts of Interest and Data

Authors must secure necessary ethics review, informed consent, organizational permissions and data-use authorization where applicable. Research involving human participants, sensitive records or other protected materials must meet relevant ethical and legal requirements. Approval and consent claims must never be fabricated or misrepresented.

Funding and material financial or non-financial competing interests must be disclosed, including an explicit no-conflict statement when applicable. A data availability statement should accurately describe accessible, restricted or non-shareable research data. Editors may request relevant documentation for legitimate research-integrity checks.

Policy on Generative AI and Automated Tools

Permitted assistance: AI tools may assist with routine spelling, grammar, language readability and appropriately controlled technical tasks, provided human authors review the results and retain responsibility. AI systems cannot be authors or co-authors.

Disclosure: Substantive AI assistance beyond routine spelling, grammar, formatting or straightforward language correction must be disclosed in the separate Title Page. State the tool or service, purpose, parts of the work affected, and nature or extent of assistance; include a version or access date when relevant for reproducibility. A declaration of no substantive AI use may be included where applicable.

Research methods: When AI or automated systems materially contribute to data collection, coding, analysis, experimental procedures or literature-review methods, describe the relevant reproducible procedures in the blinded manuscript without revealing author identities.

Prohibitions and accountability: Authors must verify factual claims, calculations, quotations, citations, DOI records and interpretative conclusions. Fabricated references, invented data or images misrepresented as authentic scientific evidence are unacceptable. Confidential third-party data must not be uploaded to unauthorized or insecure AI services. Reviewers and editors must not expose confidential submissions to insecure external systems or delegate scholarly judgment to AI.

Open Access, Copyright and License

AMAR provides immediate Open Access to the published Version of Record without subscription or journal-imposed embargo. Authors retain copyright in their scholarly work; copyright ownership is not transferred to AMAR or its publisher.

By agreeing to publication, authors grant AMAR a non-exclusive right of first publication and permission to publish, host, distribute, archive and register relevant article metadata and DOI records. The published article is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits sharing and adaptation, including commercial reuse, with appropriate attribution, license identification and indication of changes.

Authors may archive or share their submitted manuscript, accepted manuscript and published Version of Record without a journal-imposed embargo, with clear version identification, appropriate credit and respect for any third-party rights. Authors are responsible for permissions covering material not included in the article's CC BY license.

Complaints, Appeals and Allegations of Misconduct

AMAR considers evidence-based concerns about research misconduct, plagiarism, authorship, citation manipulation, editorial conduct, reviewer behavior, conflicts of interest and procedural fairness. Complaints or appeals should identify the submission or publication and explain the concern with available supporting evidence.

Under appropriate confidentiality and conflict-of-interest safeguards, the journal may request an explanation, supporting files, independent scholarly advice or institutional verification. Authors or other parties affected by an allegation should have a reasonable opportunity to respond. Outcomes are determined by the evidence and the seriousness of the concern, not by unsupported accusations.

Editorial appeals must state substantive procedural, factual or ethical grounds. Disagreement alone does not automatically justify reversal of a scholarly decision.

Post-Publication Discussion, Corrections and Retractions

Readers and researchers may submit professional, evidence-based comments, clarifications or concerns about published work. Where justified, AMAR may invite an author response, consult specialists or issue an editorial notice.

Material errors may require a correction; unresolved serious concerns may require an Expression of Concern; and fundamentally unreliable or seriously unethical published work may require retraction. Notices must be transparent, identifiable and linked to the original article. AMAR does not silently replace the Version of Record to conceal material changes.

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