Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of Talent Management on Talent Retention, with Career Adaptability acting as a mediator, among Generation Z employees at digital startups in Makassar.
Research Design and Methodology: This study employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. Data were collected through a survey of 69 Generation Z employees selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0.
Findings and Discussion: The results of the study show that Talent Management has a positive effect on Career Adaptability and Talent Retention. Career Adaptability also has a positive effect on Talent Retention and mediates the relationship between Talent Management and Talent Retention. These findings indicate that effective talent management can enhance career adaptability and encourage employees to remain with the organization.
Implications: This study has implications for digital startups seeking to develop talent management strategies based on career development and adaptability. The originality of this study lies in its examination of the role of Career Adaptability as a mediating mechanism in the relationship between Talent Management and Talent Retention in the context of Generation Z.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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- Cachón-Rodríguez, G., Blanco-González, A., Prado-Román, C., & Del-Castillo-Feito, C. (2022). How sustainable human resources management helps in the evaluation and planning of employee loyalty and retention: Can social capital make a difference? Evaluation and Program Planning, 95, 102171. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102171
- Cai, D., Li, Z., Xu, L., Fan, L., Wen, S., Li, F., Guan, Z., & Guan, Y. (2023). Sustaining newcomers’ career adaptability: The roles of socialization tactics, job embeddedness and career variety. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 96(2), 264–286. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12423
- Cappelli, P. (2008). Talent management for the twenty-first century. Harvard Business Review, 86(3), 74.
- Çarkıt, E. (2024). Relations between grit, career adaptability, and life satisfaction: a moderated mediation model. Current Psychology, 43(34), 27404–27413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06375-w
- Chen, X., Al Mamun, A., Hoque, M. E., Hirwani Wan Hussain, W. M., & Yang, Q. (2023). Work design, employee well-being, and retention intention: A case study of China’s young workforce. Heliyon, 9(5), e15742. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15742
- Chopra, A., Sahoo, C. K., & Patel, G. (2024). Exploring the relationship between employer branding and talent retention: the mediation effect of employee engagement. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 32(4), 702–720. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-02-2023-3638
- Chung, D., Yun, J., Lee, J., & Jeon, Y. (2023). Predictive model of employee attrition based on stacking ensemble learning. Expert Systems with Applications, 215, 119364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.119364
- Collings, D. G., & Mellahi, K. (2009). Strategic talent management: A review and research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 19(4), 304–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.04.001
- Ebner, K., & Paul, K. I. (2023). The Career Decision-Making Adaptability Score: Exploration and validation of its predictive power for subjective and objective career success. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 23(3), 635–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-022-09540-4
- Hashai, N., & Zahra, S. A. (2022). A double-edged sword? Founder Teams’ Prior International Experience and INV International Scale-up. Journal of World Business, 57(2), 101309. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2022.101309
- Hoye, G. Van, & Saks, A. M. (2008). Job search as goal-directed behavior: Objectives and methods. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 358–367. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.07.003
- Jena, L., & Nayak, U. (2023). Organizational career development and retention of millennial employees: role of job satisfaction, organizational engagement and employee empowerment. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 26(1/2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-08-2022-0159
- Jeong, C., & Hong, A. J. (2023). Career adaptability and mediated social network process linking achievement goal orientation to behavior. Journal of Employment Counseling, 60(2), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.1002/joec.12201
- Kapur, I., & Tyagi, P. (2023). Entrepreneurial orientation driven employee retention: mediating role of human capital development. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 37(5), 8–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/DLO-08-2022-0158
- Kundi, Y. M., Lo Presti, A., & Khan, H. (2024). Designing your own job: how protean mindset and adaptability resources shape the modern workplace. Career Development International, 30(1), 91–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-05-2024-0223
- Li, M., Fan, W., & Zhang, L. (2023). Career adaptability and career choice satisfaction: Roles of career self‐efficacy and socioeconomic status. The Career Development Quarterly, 71(4), 300–314. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12334
- Lu, J., Guo, S., Qu, J., Lin, W., & Lev, B. (2023). “Stay” or “Leave”: Influence of employee-oriented social responsibility on the turnover intention of new-generation employees. Journal of Business Research, 161, 113814. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113814
- Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89.
- Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., Lee, T. W., Sablynski, C. J., & Erez, M. (2001). Why people stay: Using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1102–1121. https://doi.org/10.5465/3069391
- Nalis, I., Kubicek, B., & Korunka, C. (2022). Resources to respond: A career construction theory perspective on demands, adaptability, and career crafting. The Career Development Quarterly, 70(2), 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12293
- Patrick, W. S., Thakur, M., & Jha, J. K. (2023). Attachment and attractiveness towards organizations: reinforcing the intention to stay amidst the “great resignation.” Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 12(3), 611–629. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-03-2023-0067
- Pham, N. T., Tuan, T. H., Le, T. D., Nguyen, P. N. D., Usman, M., & Ferreira, G. T. C. (2023). Socially responsible human resources management and employee retention: The roles of shared value, relationship satisfaction, and servant leadership. Journal of Cleaner Production, 414, 137704. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137704
- Purwanto, S., Ardiansyah, M., Januru, L., Anami, Z., Putri, N. A. S. M., Gunadi, I., Yuniaris, W., Nirmala, A., Inayati, I., & Tyas, A. D. C. (2025). Pengembangan Karier dan Kompetensi SDM. Yayasan Tri Edukasi Ilmiah.
- Qin, C., Zhang, L., Cheng, Y., Zha, R., Shen, D., Zhang, Q., Chen, X., Sun, Y., Zhu, C., & Zhu, H. (2023). A comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence techniques for talent analytics. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2307.03195. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2307.03195
- Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661–673. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.011
- Sean, K.-T., & Ozer, M. (2024). Talent retention in Asian emerging markets: evidence from China and Malaysia. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 19(1), 144–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-04-2024-0177
- Sembiring, E., & Damayanti, N. (2023). Talent Attraction, Talent Retention, And Talent Management as a Mediator of Organizational Performance. Ultima Management: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 15(1 SE-Articles), 58–76. https://doi.org/10.31937/manajemen.v15i1.3125
- Sitaniapessy, S. S., Armanu, A., & Kurniawati, D. T. (2023). The Effect of Talent Management and Perceived Organizational Support on Employee Retention Mediated by Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(8), 1910–1918. https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i8.470
- Wang, D., & Li, Y. (2024). Career construction theory: tools, interventions, and future trends. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1381233. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1381233
References
Allen, D. G., & Vardaman, J. M. (2021). Global Talent Retention: Understanding Employee Turnover Around the World. In D. G. Allen & J. M. Vardaman (Eds.), Global Talent Retention: Understanding Employee Turnover Around the World (p. 0). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83909-293-020211001
Cachón-Rodríguez, G., Blanco-González, A., Prado-Román, C., & Del-Castillo-Feito, C. (2022). How sustainable human resources management helps in the evaluation and planning of employee loyalty and retention: Can social capital make a difference? Evaluation and Program Planning, 95, 102171. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102171
Cai, D., Li, Z., Xu, L., Fan, L., Wen, S., Li, F., Guan, Z., & Guan, Y. (2023). Sustaining newcomers’ career adaptability: The roles of socialization tactics, job embeddedness and career variety. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 96(2), 264–286. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12423
Cappelli, P. (2008). Talent management for the twenty-first century. Harvard Business Review, 86(3), 74.
Çarkıt, E. (2024). Relations between grit, career adaptability, and life satisfaction: a moderated mediation model. Current Psychology, 43(34), 27404–27413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06375-w
Chen, X., Al Mamun, A., Hoque, M. E., Hirwani Wan Hussain, W. M., & Yang, Q. (2023). Work design, employee well-being, and retention intention: A case study of China’s young workforce. Heliyon, 9(5), e15742. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15742
Chopra, A., Sahoo, C. K., & Patel, G. (2024). Exploring the relationship between employer branding and talent retention: the mediation effect of employee engagement. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 32(4), 702–720. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-02-2023-3638
Chung, D., Yun, J., Lee, J., & Jeon, Y. (2023). Predictive model of employee attrition based on stacking ensemble learning. Expert Systems with Applications, 215, 119364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.119364
Collings, D. G., & Mellahi, K. (2009). Strategic talent management: A review and research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 19(4), 304–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.04.001
Ebner, K., & Paul, K. I. (2023). The Career Decision-Making Adaptability Score: Exploration and validation of its predictive power for subjective and objective career success. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 23(3), 635–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-022-09540-4
Hashai, N., & Zahra, S. A. (2022). A double-edged sword? Founder Teams’ Prior International Experience and INV International Scale-up. Journal of World Business, 57(2), 101309. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2022.101309
Hoye, G. Van, & Saks, A. M. (2008). Job search as goal-directed behavior: Objectives and methods. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 358–367. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.07.003
Jena, L., & Nayak, U. (2023). Organizational career development and retention of millennial employees: role of job satisfaction, organizational engagement and employee empowerment. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 26(1/2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-08-2022-0159
Jeong, C., & Hong, A. J. (2023). Career adaptability and mediated social network process linking achievement goal orientation to behavior. Journal of Employment Counseling, 60(2), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.1002/joec.12201
Kapur, I., & Tyagi, P. (2023). Entrepreneurial orientation driven employee retention: mediating role of human capital development. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 37(5), 8–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/DLO-08-2022-0158
Kundi, Y. M., Lo Presti, A., & Khan, H. (2024). Designing your own job: how protean mindset and adaptability resources shape the modern workplace. Career Development International, 30(1), 91–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-05-2024-0223
Li, M., Fan, W., & Zhang, L. (2023). Career adaptability and career choice satisfaction: Roles of career self‐efficacy and socioeconomic status. The Career Development Quarterly, 71(4), 300–314. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12334
Lu, J., Guo, S., Qu, J., Lin, W., & Lev, B. (2023). “Stay” or “Leave”: Influence of employee-oriented social responsibility on the turnover intention of new-generation employees. Journal of Business Research, 161, 113814. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113814
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89.
Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., Lee, T. W., Sablynski, C. J., & Erez, M. (2001). Why people stay: Using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1102–1121. https://doi.org/10.5465/3069391
Nalis, I., Kubicek, B., & Korunka, C. (2022). Resources to respond: A career construction theory perspective on demands, adaptability, and career crafting. The Career Development Quarterly, 70(2), 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12293
Patrick, W. S., Thakur, M., & Jha, J. K. (2023). Attachment and attractiveness towards organizations: reinforcing the intention to stay amidst the “great resignation.” Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 12(3), 611–629. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-03-2023-0067
Pham, N. T., Tuan, T. H., Le, T. D., Nguyen, P. N. D., Usman, M., & Ferreira, G. T. C. (2023). Socially responsible human resources management and employee retention: The roles of shared value, relationship satisfaction, and servant leadership. Journal of Cleaner Production, 414, 137704. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137704
Purwanto, S., Ardiansyah, M., Januru, L., Anami, Z., Putri, N. A. S. M., Gunadi, I., Yuniaris, W., Nirmala, A., Inayati, I., & Tyas, A. D. C. (2025). Pengembangan Karier dan Kompetensi SDM. Yayasan Tri Edukasi Ilmiah.
Qin, C., Zhang, L., Cheng, Y., Zha, R., Shen, D., Zhang, Q., Chen, X., Sun, Y., Zhu, C., & Zhu, H. (2023). A comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence techniques for talent analytics. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2307.03195. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2307.03195
Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661–673. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.011
Sean, K.-T., & Ozer, M. (2024). Talent retention in Asian emerging markets: evidence from China and Malaysia. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 19(1), 144–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-04-2024-0177
Sembiring, E., & Damayanti, N. (2023). Talent Attraction, Talent Retention, And Talent Management as a Mediator of Organizational Performance. Ultima Management: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 15(1 SE-Articles), 58–76. https://doi.org/10.31937/manajemen.v15i1.3125
Sitaniapessy, S. S., Armanu, A., & Kurniawati, D. T. (2023). The Effect of Talent Management and Perceived Organizational Support on Employee Retention Mediated by Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(8), 1910–1918. https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i8.470
Wang, D., & Li, Y. (2024). Career construction theory: tools, interventions, and future trends. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1381233. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1381233